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Uniform passive fiber-ring cavities are macroscopic devices which are known to exhibit dissipative modulation instability (MI) when driven in the rather large dispersion regime [1]. In a previous study we showed that in this regime, a simple modulation of the dispersion along the length of the ring cavity is responsible for the appearance of a new domain of parametric instability, related to Faraday...
It was shown that the spectral width of a nominally continuous wave Raman fiber laser (RFL) output becomes narrower after propagation in normal dispersion (β2>0) fiber [1]. This feature, attributed to Inverse Four-Wave Mixing (IFWM), was especially pronounced when the RFL output had a double-peak spectral shape caused by efficient FWM inside the cavity [2]. This spectrum was transformed into a...
Antiresonant hollow core fibers (ARHCF) have low propagation loss, broad transparency windows from ultraviolet to mid-infrared regime in fundamental mode propagation and can be easily fabricated [1, 2]. In these fibers, geometrically-induced strand resonances are given by λm = 2t√n2 −1/m, where t is the strand thickness, n is the refractive index of the material and m is the integer resonance. The...
Kerr frequency combs in passive resonators have attracted considerable interest during the last decade as a complementary approach to comb formation based on mode-locked lasers. Most of previous works have focused on monochromatic CW-pumping either with or without parametric seeding [1-3]. Here, we report on an extensive study of a dual pumping configuration in a passive nonlinear fiber ring cavity...
The soliton — soliton interactions in mode-locked fiber lasers catch the attention of optical scientific society because it abounds in multifarious effects. As a sequence of these interactions (direct or indirect) the solitons constitute multi-soliton complexes with distinctive features. Bound solitons, bunch of solitons, and soliton rains have been widely covered in the literature, where were described...
Modulation instability (MI) refers to a process where a weak periodic perturbation of an intense continuous wave (CW) grows exponentially as a result of the interplay between dispersion and nonlinearity. In its most basic manifestation, it can be observed in homogeneous optical fibers in the anomalous dispersion regime. Another kind of MI, named parametric instability (PI), is induced by the periodic...
Water dam breaking (or dam failure) triggered by the nature disasters such as earthquakes or heavy rainfall can cause huge damage in terms of human lives and properties. Not only for realizing its formation process to evaluate the potential consequences, but also because of the intrinsic rich mathematical and numerical interest, this classical problem has attracted a lot of attention [1-3]. However,...
Fibered sources of photon pairs can be easily integrated into future quantum communication networks. However, in silica-core fibres, the broadband spectrum of spontaneous Raman scattering strongly contributes to uncorrelated noise photons degrading the quality of the source. To overcome the problem of the silica Raman scattering, a new architecture was recently proposed, with hollow-core photonic...
Distributed Raman amplification is an attractive way to improve the OSNR in optical transmission systems. However, this requires profound system knowledge to profit from these potential benefits. Especially in the case of co-directional pumped Raman amplifiers the evolution of the signal powers over the propagation distance is of interest in order to avoid signal distortions. Within the design process...
In 1997, Yoshida et al. inserted a Fabry-Perot filter in a modulation instability fiber laser cavity [1], the free spectral range (FSR) of the Fabry-Perot fixed the RF to 115 GHz; however the pulsed laser was poorly stable. Since then, lasers of increasing performance have been demonstrated using variants of this method. In 2012, Peccianti et al. demonstrated the first fiber laser harmonically mode-locked...
Few-cycle high peak power mid-IR sources are required for strong field applications, such as driving HHG in the keV range [1] and high efficiency THz generation [2]. In order to expose target to a peak field without causing excessive ionization, ultrashort pulses consisting of a few-cycles are needed. Parametric sources based on KTA crystals have been successfully used for the generation of multi-mJ...
Two novel kinds of anti-resonant polygonal-core fibers are introduced, including a triangular-core fiber-design with surrounding silica-glass webs [1], and a negatively-curved square-core fiber-design.
The capacity of Erbium-doped amplifiers (EDFA) systems is rapidly being approached, and thus research is increasing in alternative technologies which can deliver broader gain spectrum than EDFAs to increase system capacity [1]. Fiber Raman Amplifiers (FRAs) provide gain in any spectral region provided that a suitable pump and fiber are available. Distributed amplifiers using the transmission fibre...
Femtosecond (fs) laser pulse sources have become increasingly popular in the last decade as a result of their practical features, such as insensitivity to environmental variations, versatile designs, high power outputs. However, much of the progress is with non-integrated specialty fibers, which involve some compromise on these practical features. Monolithic fiber chirped pulse amplification (CPA)...
Tm-doped fiber lasers, operating in the 2 μm eye-safe region (the absorbable band of human tissues) [1], have potential applications in molecular spectroscopy and medicine [1], where tuning the laser operating wavelength is highly desirable [1]. Tunable multiwavelength mode-locked fiber lasers have been widely reported in the 1 and 1.5 μm regions [2, 3]. Ref. [4] studied the tunability of switchable...
Thulium (Tm)-doped fiber lasers are attractive light sources to generate ultrashort pulses around 2 μm wavelength region, which can be used for a number of application such as remote sensing, micro-machining, and mid-infrared generation. In fact, watt-level, femtosecond pulses are demonstrated by Tm-fiber-based master oscillator power amplifier systems [1]. Even shorter pulses are generated by utilizing...
Hyperbolic metamaterials offer a unique solution to overcome the diffraction limit due to the ability of propagating high spatial frequencies [1]. To date, there have been several demonstrations of hyperbolic metamaterials that can convert evanescent fields into propagating waves based on their geometrical structure and therefore can be used as lenses [2-4]. The drawback of all the proposed hyperlenses...
Waveform-controlled few-cycle light pulses have become an important tool in contemporary ultrafast science not only because they provide high temporal resolution but also because they facilitate sub-cycle gating of highly nonlinear process [1]. Sub-cycle gating of relativistic laser-plasma interactions is of particular interest as it could be a potentially efficient source of high-energy attosecond...
High power mode-locked (ML) fiber lasers generating femtosecond pulses in telecom window near 1.55 μm is a field of growing interest due to the apparent success of all-normal dispersion (ANDi) fiber lasers generating chirped pulses in the wavelength region around 1 μm [1, 2]. Such lasers have a wide range of practical applications, from CARS and Terahertz spectroscopy to few-cycle pulse synthesis...
Being capable of light localization in the large air-filled core, microstructured hollow-core fibers (HCF) are highly promising for a long-distance high-power ultra-short pulse (USP) delivery due to extremely low fiber nonlinearity. Among them negative-curvature revolver hollow-core fiber (RHCF) having a cladding formed with a single layer of non-touched cylindrical silica glass capillaries [1] is...
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