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Special laser applications ranging from laser material processing, especially micromachining, to medical applications, metrology and spectroscopy demand transform limited ps pulses, often synchronized with a fs source [1]. Here, we present spectral compression of fs pulses inside a regenerative Yb:YAG laser amplifier [2] generated by a mode-locked Yb:KGW oscillator (see Fig. 1a). For spectral shaping...
Molecules in the gas-phase can be treated as isolated systems without influence from the environment. Gaining further control over the molecules, such as quantum state or conformer selection, or/and fixing the molecular axis in space, can be highly advantageous or simply necessary for a variety of experiments aiming at, for instance, probing of the molecular structure, or molecular frame dependent...
Tm-doped fiber lasers, operating in the 2 μm eye-safe region (the absorbable band of human tissues) [1], have potential applications in molecular spectroscopy and medicine [1], where tuning the laser operating wavelength is highly desirable [1]. Tunable multiwavelength mode-locked fiber lasers have been widely reported in the 1 and 1.5 μm regions [2, 3]. Ref. [4] studied the tunability of switchable...
Solar-pumped Nd:YAG lasers are a promising renewable energy source for applications including the magnesium-hydrogen energy cycle, power beaming and satellite technologies [1]. The major issue that limits the performance of these lasers is the weak absorption of solar radiation due to the low overlap between the solar spectrum and the Nd:YAG absorption spectrum. The symmetry and homogeneity of this...
The great success of optical fibres in telecommunications has generated numerous applications in a number of related fields, such as sensing, biophotonics and high-power lasers. The topic remains extraordinarily buoyant and new materials, structure and applications emerge unabated.
Visible pulsed lasers are required for many applications, for example in biomedical imaging [1] and STED microscopy [2]. Such applications often have stringent requirements on the wavelength and pulse duration, which are not directly available from typical solid-state sources. One method of accessing these wavelengths is to use Raman lasers, with diamond being an excellent Raman laser material [3,...
Multiphoton microscopy, including two-photon laser scanning microscopy and second-harmonic generation is a unique technique for non-invasive imaging in biological samples. However, clinical translation and applications outside the laser laboratory have been hampered by the need to use bulky, expensive and environmentally sensitive lasers, that often require active water cooling and have high energy...
Over the past decade, the increasing potential of terahertz (THz) radiation has stimulated intensive efforts to develop efficient emitters based on the ionization of gases by ultrashort laser pulses [1]. In order to properly calibrate dedicated experiments, nonlinear propagation codes have to be particularly accurate to describe the low-frequency part of the pulse spectrum. Usually, solving full Maxwell...
There is increasing demand for low noise, narrow linewidth lasers for applications including spectroscopy, ion traps for optical clocks and gravitational waves measurements. External cavity diode lasers (ECDL) can provide a compact, low cost solution; however these are typically available at a limited range of optical frequencies. The increase in applications requiring robust laser systems (e.g. space...
Diamond substrates and films have been adapted for many uses because of the material's exceptional properties such as the highest thermal conductivity, high mechanical hardness, wide bandgap, very good optical properties, chemical resistance and biocompatibility. On the other hand, in the last few years, the femtosecond (fs) laser technology has seen a considerable growth in scientific and manufacturing...
Laser spectroscopy based trace gas detection systems are implemented in various applications: industry, medicine, homeland security, environmental monitoring and several more [1]. More sophisticated applications require simultaneous monitoring of several gas species, that possess strong absorption lines in the mid-IR wavelength region. This usually requires using several independent laser sources...
Coherent frequency conversion processes for frequency combs (FCs) are intensively studied as they inter alia enable the use of FCs for precision spectroscopy in the important mid-infrared (MIR) spectral region not covered by laser gain media. Difference frequency generation (DFG) is one promising approach for a simple and robust scheme to generate phase-stable MIR FCs. When used in a spectroscopy...
At present, the combination of high peak power and near diffraction-limited beam quality is essential for high-power pulsed fiber laser systems combining nanosecond pulses with multi-kilohertz repetition rates. In standard fiber amplifier, parasitic nonlinear effects limit further power scaling due to the small active fiber core. Therefore the scaling to larger effective mode areas (LMA) is a promising...
Recent advances in the growth of low loss single crystal diamond [1] coupled with its high Raman gain and high thermal conductivity have led to the material becoming an established Raman laser material. With applications often having to adapt to available laser wavelengths, Raman lasers can be used as a simple means to shift ubiquitous commercial laser sources to the hard to reach but application...
Wavelength tuneable lasers for 40G and 100G coherent optical communications systems need to meet stringent requirements on narrow linewidth emission across the entire tuning range, with typical values of 300–500 kHz required in commercial systems. Higher capacities can be achieved in next generation systems by employing higher order modulation formats such as 16QAM or 64QAM. However, such systems...
The development of a compact, continuous wave (CW), room-temperature, broadly-tunable terahertz (THz) laser source is of great interest for a number of applications ranging from biomedical imaging and indoor communication to spectroscopy, security and defence. Among the usually used laser sources, direct quantum cascade lasers (QCLs) and semiconductor mixers of mid-IR QCLs are regarded as most popular...
Conventional sampled grating distributed-Bragg-gratings (C-SGDBRs) are widely used in tunable DBR lasers [1], and more recently have been used to precisely control the wavelength spacing in arrays of DBR lasers for use in WDM systems [2], and as the reflectors in THz repetition frequency (Fr) semiconductor mode locked lasers (SMLLs) [3]. However, the effective coupling coefficient, κ, of a C-SGDBR...
High power diode lasers in the 9xx nm wavelength range are required for application in material processing, such as metal cutting and welding, either directly or as pump sources for solid state or fiber lasers. For example, continuous wave (CW) 1-cm diode laser bars are used for economic pumping of disk lasers [1] and continually improved optical output powers P, power conversion efficiency ηΕ = P/IV...
Ultrafast fiber laser technology is nowadays a mature field with numerous industrial and scientific applications ranging from material processing to microscopy and metrology. As a consequence, the available output power of ultrafast fiber lasers has followed a remarkable growth in the last decade. The technological maturity and commercial availability of semiconductor saturable absorber mirrors (SESAMs)...
Relativistic laser-plasma interactions as drivers for intense and energetic bursts of proton, electron and photon radiation have been studied for more than a decade [1,2,3]. Much of the attention is driven by their potential use in medical physics, to build compact and affordable sources for diagnostics and therapy. So far, these efforts were focused on single species radiation, meaning either ions,...
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