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We have realized a hybrid opto-electro-mechanical system [1], consisting of a radiofrequency (rf) resonato: capacitively coupled to a nanomechanical membrane, and read-out at the shot noise level by an optica interferometer. The oscillation of the mechanical resonator can alter the capacitance of the radiofrequency resonator leading to the modulation of transmitted signal. In our setup the rf resonator...
Thin films have a large impact on our day to day lives and they find a variety of uses including optical, electrical, or chemical coatings, biomimetics, and various sensors such as pH sensors. Great interest exists in nanoparticles and organic based thin films, due to ease of fabrication, low cost manufacturing, and easy tunability of various properties compared to the inorganic and semiconducting...
The intrinsic properties of silicon (Si) make it an excellent material for integrated photonics devices with small footprints [1]. To date, most of the reported devices have been based on crystalline silicon (c-Si), but this material suffers from difficult integration with electronic layers due to fabrication constraints. Subsequently, there has been growing interest in alternative forms of Si, such...
The chalcogenides represent a unique material platform, capable of providing high-index dielectric, plasmonic, ‘epsilon-near-zero’ (ENZ) or topological insulator properties when the constituent elements are combined in the right proportion. Moreover, they can exhibit reversible, non-volatile structural transitions between solid phases with vastly different electromagnetic properties. We report here...
Hybrid organic-inorganic metal halide perovskites represent a remarkable success story in recent materials science applied to optoelectronic devices, thanks to the demonstrations of solution-process solar cells with conversion efficiencies in excess of 20% and very promising LEDs. The peculiarities of perovskites are thought to stem from a blend of organic materials features, like easy fabrication...
Polycrystalline silicon (poly-Si) has attracted significant interest in the area of silicon photonics because of its potential for combining good optical transmission, electronic functionality and low fabrication cost, which makes it an attractive material for commercial applications [1]. In addition, it was shown recently that by laser processing of amorphous Si (a-Si) it is possible to obtain very...
Lithium niobate (LN) is one of basic materials of integrated optics used, for example, for electro and acousto-optical modulators, switches, diffraction gratings, nonlinear optical wavelength converters, and others [1]. LN-based ion exchange or Ti-indiffused photolithographic techniques are established technologies, however, some modern applications, such as high-purity suppressed carrier synthesis...
We show for the first time that, contrary to common expectations, transition to superconductivity affects plasmonic behaviour of niobium at optical frequencies. This result is unexpected as photon energy is orders of magnitude higher than the binding energy of the Cooper pairs, the superconducting charge carriers.
Plasmons — the collective electron excitations in conducting materials-provide interesting research avenues into fundamental phenomena. They are also instrumental in applications to ultrasensitive optical detection, biosensing, spectral photometry, light harvesting, photocatalysis, quantum optics, nonlinear photonics, and metamaterials. Recent developments in this field focus on the consequences of...
The speed of magnetization switching is a key feature in next generation magnetic storage devices. The ongoing pursue towards faster magnetization control has triggered the development of laser sources at terahertz frequencies. In fact pulses in this spectral range are more suited than optical laser for coherent magnetization excitation by Zeeman precession [1]. The recent advent of THz pulses with...
Chalcogenide materials exhibit a unique portfolio of properties which has led to their wide use for nonvolatile memory applications such as optical storage (CD-RW and DVD-RAM), Conductive Bridging Random Access Memory or Phase Change Random Access Memory (PCRAM). More recently, thanks to huge electronic nonlinearities under electrical field application, chalcogenide glasses are considered as most...
Microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) currently see a trend towards inclusion of optical functionalities, i.e., towards microoptoelectromechanical systems (MOEMS). However, typical MEMS materials such as silicon, silicon oxide and silicon nitride limit the choice of available refractive indices and spectral operating regions. Particularly, a low refractive index material is highly desirable which...
Organic-inorganic halide perovskite solar cells are attracting much attention from the photovoltaic community because of their high conversion efficiencies exceeding 20%. So far, intrinsic superior optoelectronic properties of this material class have been revealed through comprehensive studies on the thin films and single crystals [1,2]. For further improvement of the device architecture and conversion...
An organic azo-polymer [1], exhibiting surface relief formation arising from light-induced mass transport through cis-trans photo-isomerization, has been investigated for a variety of applications; this includes optical integrated circuits and holographic data storages. In general, the mass transport driving force acts along a gradient of the optical spatial intensity profile, and it is thus difficult...
Vibrational spectroscopy techniques accomplish the task of detection and identification of molecules. Plasmonic resonator substrates improve these inherently weak techniques: the high electromagnetic field enhancement in proximity of the resonators is exploited to obtain sufficiently strong signals and to decrease the detection limit.
Remarkable optical and electrical properties of graphene [1] and other two-dimensional (2D) materials provide significant potential for novel optoelectronic applications and devices, many of which depend on nonlinear optical effects in these 2D materials [2, 3]. In this paper, we will review some recent results [4, 5] pertaining to nonlinear optical effects in nanostructured bulk optical media containing...
Because of their exceptional performance and ease of production, hybrid organic-inorganic perovskites are excellent candidate materials for next-generation solar cells. Despite static and dynamic disorder, lead-halide based perovskites demonstrate remarkable optoelectronic properties that rival those of defect-free semiconductors. This unusual defect tolerance is responsible for several properties...
The past few years have witnessed an unprecedented development in the field of perovskite metal halide solar cells. Thanks to the excellent optoelectronic properties of the semiconducting perovskite thin films, organometal trihalide perovskite based photovoltaic devices have achieved efficiencies as high as 22% [1]. While much of the research activities on perovskite have focused on improving the...
Perovskite potassium tantalate-niobate mixed crystals (KTa1−xNbxO3 with 0 ≤ x ≤1, KTN) undergo a phase transition from a paraelectric cubic to a ferroelectric tetragonal structure with decreasing temperature [1]. By adjusting the Ta/Nb content one can tune the phase-transition temperature of KTN and thus also its main properties at a given temperature. For example, the phase transition occurs around...
The motion of a micromechanical resonator coupled simultaneously to a high-finesse optical cavity and a microwave resonator can be used to transduce the fragile quantum states generated in the realm of microwave superconducting circuits into optical photons that can transport quantum information over large distances in telecom optical fibers at room temperature. We have engineered the optical and...
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