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Packet integrity or modification attacks commonly happen in Opportunistic Networks (OppNets). In this paper, we propose a technique that uses Merkle trees to protect the integrity of the packets transferred in a network. When adopting the technique in an OppNet, nodes will be able to verify that data transferred from node to node is received unchanged and in its original state. Using a solid trust...
Message ordering is one of the essential problems in distributed systems and applications. In spite of the importance, most of publish/subscribe systems do not guarantee the ordering of messages and events because of its cost which may give an impact on the overall performance. When we suppose dynamic systems, such as peer-to-peer systems, the implementation of the message ordering would be pretty...
This paper is concerned with a discrete ray-tracing method by using Dijkstra-algorithm (DA) to treat arbitrarily shaped obstacles which cause diffractions and reflections of incident rays. The computational space is divided in terms of regularly arrayed cubics with 8 apex-nodes and links of a node are limited to 26 proximate nodes of adjacent 8 cubics. Firstly, the original DA data provide shortest...
Recently, Delay / Disruption / Disconnection Tolerant Networking (DTN) which aims to enable communication under poor communication environments has been attracting attention. In DTN, direct communications among nodes are performed and messages of a node are replicated among nodes. This operation is repeated until a message is arrived at a destination node. Therefore, it is important to decide replication...
In the huge information systems, various problems, such as latency, processing bottlenecks and synchronization of the entire system, must be solved in order to realize a dependable and safe system. Small World Network allows communication between arbitrary nodes, where hopping over a small number of nodes is possible in a network with a huge number of nodes. In this paper, our aim is to introduce...
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