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The “High resolution temperature and spectral emissivity mapping” (HiTeSEM) initiative aims at developing a conceptual instrument design for a hyperspectral thermal satellite to find answers for the most pressing research and data requirements within the scope of Food Security and Human Health. The satellite is proposed to consist of two long-wave infrared (LWIR) sensors, (1) a hyperspectral system...
The goal of the Canadian Hyperspectral Mission (CHM) is to provide a new and powerful space-based tool for delivering frequently updated hyperspectral remote sensing information products for a broad range of operational users in governments and industries worldwide. The resulting CHM concept includes a relatively low cost constellation of three microsatellites and a supporting ground segment which,...
Hyperspectral data compression and dimensionality reduction has received considerable interest in recent years due to the high spectral resolution of these images. Contrarily to the conventional dimensionality reduction schemes, the spectral compressive acquisition method (SpeCA) performs dimensionality reduction based on random projections. The SpeCA methodology has applications in Hyperspectral...
In this paper we summarize the effort to enhance the resolution of SMAP radiometer data. The SMAP radiometer sampling of the Earth surface provides overlapping measurements along scan and along track. The oversampling combined with the given antenna gain function allows reconstruction of the scene with improved resolution. The applied technique is based on the Backus-Gilbert optimum interpolation...
Faraday rotation is an issue that needs to be taken into account in remote sensing of parameters such as soil moisture and ocean salinity at L-band. This is especially important for SMAP because Faraday rotation varies with azimuth around the conical scan. SMAP retrieves Faraday rotation in situ using the ratio of the third and second Stokes parameters, a procedure that was demonstrated successfully...
The radiometer Subband calibration and calibration drift correction have been successfully used in the released radiometer L1B data product. Although their performances satisfy the requirements, they are still under continuing analysis to find their remaining uncertainty. The progress will be presented besides the current performance.
Scanning L-band Active/Passive (SLAP) is an airborne remote sensing instrument developed at NASA Goddard Space Flight Center specifically as an airborne simulator of the Soil Moisture Active/Passive (SMAP) satellite instrument suite, for remote sensing of soil moisture, freeze-thaw state, ocean salinity, sea ice, and other physical phenomena that display characteristics at microwave L-band. This paper...
This work is devoted to describe the new processing techniques that are being conceived, developed and implemented at the Barcelona Expert Centre (BEC) for the generation of sea surface salinity (SSS) maps from the Soil Mooisture and Ocean Salinity (SMOS) mission. Several algorithms to mitigate the ripples and sidelobes present in the SMOS brightness temperature (TB) images, to characterize the spatial...
The CubeSat Radiometer Radio Frequency Interference Technology Validation (CubeRRT) mission is developing a 6U CubeSat system to demonstrate radio frequency interference (RFI) detection and mitigation technologies for future microwave radiometer remote sensing missions. CubeRRT will perform observations of Earth brightness temperatures from 6–40 GHz using a 1 GHz bandwidth tuned channel, and will...
Short, transient radio-frequency interference (RFI) events could threaten the quality of astronomical observations made by new and planned radio telescopes such as MeerKAT, the SKA and HERA in the radio quiet reserve in South Africa. Because they are so short, often of the order of microseconds long, these events are difficult to detect and identify in the time-frequency plots typically produced by...
The increasing spectrum occupancy is a serious threat for highly sensitive astronomical measurement at radio frequencies. The deployment of array radio telescopes allows the exploitation of spatial information regarding sources of radio frequency interference (RFI) in order to filter them out of astronomical data and theoretical recover uncorrupted time and frequency data. This paper introduces the...
In this paper, we report a radio frequency interference (RFI) detection method which is exclusively sensitive to the temporally pulsed wide-band signal. We use local autocorrelation in the range-time azimuth-frequency domain instead of typical range-frequency azimuth-time domain. Traditional RFI detectors assume that RFI have time-varying wide-band (TVWB) and / or time-stationary narrow-band (TSNB)...
TanDEM-X (TerraSAR-X add-on for Digital Elevation Measurements) is an Earth observation radar mission that consists of a SAR interferometer built by two almost identical satellites flying in close formation [1]–[4]. With a typical separation between the satellites of 120 to 500 m a global Digital Elevation Model (DEM) with 2 m relative height accuracy at 12 m posting is being generated. While the...
TanDEM-X (TerraSAR-X add-on for Digital Elevation Measurement) opens a new era in spaceborne radar remote sensing. A single-pass SAR-interferometer with adjustable baselines in across- and in along-track directions is formed by adding a second (TDX), almost identical spacecraft to TerraSAR-X (TSX) and flying the two satellites in a closely controlled formation. TDX has SAR system parameters which...
The standard TanDEM-X baselines have been designed to optimize the high resolution global Digital Elevation Model (DEM) generation. However, during the Science Phase of the mission longer baselines are available. This allows interferometric measurements with a higher vertical sensitivity, more appropriate for agricultural applications, where the crop heights are too small to be properly detected and...
The time variation of phase height from interferometric SAR (InSAR) from TanDEM-X is shown for 3 years, in Tapajos National Forest, Brazil. Its RMS, for one secondary stand, about a model linear in time is 0.5 m. This RMS is compared to that for 30 stands at one epoch. The single-epoch RMS for a model linear in mean field height is 2.2 m. It is suggested that the improved performance of the temporal...
Permafrost soils have been shown to respond rapidly to warming temperatures. When ice-rich permafrost soils thaw, the melting ground ice reduces the volume and stability of the soils, inducing changes in the topography. We monitor surface elevation changes in three test sites in Northern Eurasia using single-pass TanDEM-X Science Phase data with submetre vertical precision. The results indicate the...
TanDEM-X (TerraSAR-X add-on for Digitial Elevation Measurement), a German SAR satellite, was launched in June 2010. Since 2012, TanDEM-X mission has provided the most detailed global DEM with unprecedented accuracy. Also, they carried out various experimental mode including long baseline XTI (cross track interferometry). Despite their progressive instrument calibration and high accurate orbit determination,...
This study will explore the feasibility of TanDEM-X interferometric observations in tidal flats. The bi- and monostatic modes of TanDEM-X give us the great possibility for interferometric SAR (InSAR) technique to generate highly accurate intertidal DEM due to no time lag (bistatic case) or approximately 10-second temporal baseline (monostatic case) between master and slave SAR image acquisitions....
We compare ice elevation from TanDEM-X Raw DEMs of summer 2014 and from the SRTM C-band DEM of summer 2000 over the Northern Patagonian Icefield (NPI) in order to obtain a detailed map of ice elevation change rates over the last 14 years. The geodetic method is used to compute the mass balance for this region and for the nearby Southern Patagonian Icefield (SPI). The method is outlined along with...
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