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In this paper, we propose a circuit model that can predict the common-mode noise current in the AM radio band that will flow to an evaluation circuit consisting of a DC motor, a motor control unit, and a battery. In this model, the common-mode impedance of each unit and the impedance of the cables are expressed by lumped constant circuits. It is found that the common-mode current that flows in the...
Conducted interference caused by equipment connected to power supply networks, and the interference in these networks, is conventionally measured using (slow) scanning tuned electromagnetic interference (EMI) receivers. A voltage sensor which separates common mode and differential mode in a three-phase setup combined with a 8-channel digital oscilloscope allows measuring voltage and current via many...
The high-altitude electromagnetic pulses (HEMP) are commonly described by the double exponential waveforms. To detect the HEMP waveforms without any distortion, the highest frequency, fc, is the critical parameter for the sensor design. In the engineering applications it is estimated roughly by the rise time of pulses, tr, i.e. fc0=0.35/tr. However, after carefully investigation, a more precise coefficient...
System-level ESD test is conducted into laptop using three different ESD generators. It is observed there is a large variation in ESD test result even if the same ESD generator is used. The current waveform from the ESD generator is a unique individual characteristic varies depending on ESD gun manufacturers and it can result in a different ESD test result. The effect of the current waveform is analyzed...
As a result of the power train electrification in electric and hybrid vehicles the electromagnetic compatibility of these vehicles is comprehensively affected. Especially the power electronic components operated at battery voltages of around 400V produce broadband EMI inside the vehicle. To prove compliance with the normative requirements considering the vehicles inner EMC, EMI measurements on component...
Due to the diffraction limitation, images acquired from the electromagnetic distribution detection are blurred by a parabolic reflector imaging system and super-resolution algorithm is thus needed to improve the resolution. By using an effective algorithm, the point spread function (PSF) can be obtained as a function of frequency, however, the frequency of electromagnetic source distributions are...
This paper discloses a method to suppress ambient noise in electromagnetic interference measurement in the location where equipment under test (EUT) is using. The measurements are carried out in frequency-domain for a period at max hold mode to avoiding ambient noise instability. Processing software consisted of adaptive digital filter and signal extraction is designed with Matlab. Measurements of...
Electrical field sensors are widely used for detecting transient signal in the EMC tests. The traditional method to detect the electrical field sensor signal is single-path detection using spectrum analyzer, which is applicable when the frequency is known. But if the signal is transient during the EMC tests, it often needs to sweep multiple times to detect different frequency points, or test multiple...
A planar reflector which is built from simple periodically 15×15 square patches on a grounded dielectric substrate without vias is described. The design of the planar reflector is based on the structure of artificial magnetic conductor (AMC) and intended to work at S-band frequency with certain bandwidth. At the first step, a unit cell of AMC is designed and characterized looking at the variation...
We propose a multicopter scheme to characterize the shielding effectiveness of South Africa's Karoo Array Processing Building. The use of an autonomous multicopter with calibrated receiver and onboard antenna patterns is compared to conventional ground-based metrology. Measurement time and resolution are improved significantly. Our technique has been used during the evaluation of electromagnetic shielding...
The purpose of this paper is to consider the impact of humidity and temperature on the electrical properties of printed circuit boards (PCBs). PCB base materials are glass reinforced thermosetting laminates using a variety of resin systems with different loss characteristics.
The effects of cuboid antenna-radome on base station antenna in the mobile communication band are investigated in this paper. The performance of base station antenna with and without radome is studied and compared. Numerical analysis based on the results of measurement under the same condition is presented to illustrate how the parameters of radome affect the performance of antenna. The analysis intends...
The proposed integrated design of WuRx front-end with bandpass filter and frequency synthesizer applying in dedicated biomedical systems has been successfully implemented. The aperture phase detector and phase to analog converter has low power frequency synthesizer might be a promising wireless electrical power source and including wake up receiver technology using direct active RF detection for biomedical...
Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) modeling of complex onboard antennas is really a challenge in computational electromagnetics (CEM), especially in the presence of electrically large platforms. We usually face an electromagnetic system consisting of multi-scale structures, and it is almost impossible to handle the whole system with just one CEM method. Even though we turn to hybrid methods, such...
Singapore is rapidly expanding its Rapid Transit System (RTS) network to cater for increasing public transportation demand. Hence, new RTS extensions are being built at a faster pace. With the current systems in the vicinity and the increase in the complexity and interdependency of various RTS systems, effective Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) practice is an important integral part of project...
A novel equivalent current model is proposed for evaluation of the induced electric field inside the human body due to exposure to a low-frequency magnetic field. The reconstruction of the equivalent current source adopts radial basis functions, which requires measurement of only one single magnetic field component. The magnetic vector potentials inside the human body obtained from the equivalent...
A CE test layout with LISN at output side is proposed for a telecommunication immediate bus converter, which includes load's RF input impedance influences. Both the CM and DM paths of the interleaved Boost converter are analyzed in detail. The CM role of the output voltage ripple noise of the converter is explained and a non-intrinsic CM phenomenon caused by original DM sources is discovered too....
Reverberation Chamber (RC) has been recommended for High Intensity RF (HIRF) testing due to its ability to generate very high E field strength with small input power and doing away with the need to rotate the test object or move antenna to determine the susceptibility level. However, RC can severely distort the pulse waveform if the Q factor is too high. In this paper, we examine the effects of RC...
Flexible Printed Circuit (FPC) cable serves as a channel to connect between the mainboard and daughterboard in a system. Discontinuities due to the folding of the FPC cable will deteriorate the system performance, such as high unwanted radiated emission, poor insertion loss, TDR mismatch, and poor eye diagram. This paper describes an extended radiated emission and signal integrity studies on the folded...
Receiving sensitivity of communication system is required to improve as the recent growth of data service in mobile communication. Thus, the interference caused by passive intermodulation (PIM) attracted more attention in the research of mobile communication. On the other hand, point of interface (POI) plays a more and more important role in practical application at recent years, in order to solve...
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