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Nanotechnology as an emerging, science-driven and rapidly evolving field with the multidisciplinary nature is an example of cases where science and technology are proximate and their interaction is essential. The scientific and technological networks can be formed separately in a social context and the linkages from the scientific to the technological network can be established through authors-inventors...
Under “Cap-and-Trade” conditions, a manufacturer is restricted in total carbon dioxide equivalent (CO2e) emission through an initial allocation of emission quotes (EQ), but allowed to purchase emission quotes (i.e. commercialized permits for emitting CO2e) to satisfy additional needs via a trading market. Alternatively it can reduce its emission through self-purification (SP) to decrease its need...
This paper describes a discrete-event simulation and event-log analysis based approach for computing sustainability metrics in production environments to perform various types of comparative analysis and assessments. Event logs collected from the production environment are analyzed to compute current state sustainability metrics such as energy usage, carbon footprint and heating/cooling requirements...
The aim of the present work is to propose a prototype simulation of a hospital ward which permits the study of the workload and task distribution among nursing and auxiliary personnel. In our study, we took both X a generic ward in a complex healthcare structure (University Hospital “Federico II” - Naples, Italy) and a case study of a hospital immunology department as reference models. Both analyses...
Circadian cycles and other self-regulatory biological processes are the result of complex interactions between gene expression and molecular interactions. In this paper we study a Petri net model of the circadian clock and use gradient estimation methods for finding optimal input rates.The significance of our research is the potential early identification of pathologies caused by aberrant cycles,...
This work simulated some alternatives of dynamic allocation of additional human resources in a company that produces various products from Pupunha palm. Its goal was to increase the average amount of trays produced per day in this line through a hybrid application of discrete event and agent-based simulation. Two different decision-making forms were proposed to find out which workstation should have...
We discuss copulas for incorporating dependence in the input distributions to a simulation model. We start by motivating the need for incorporating dependence in the primitive inputs to a simulation. Copulas are then introduced as a convenient and flexible model to incorporate dependence. We rigorously define copulas, introduce some of their basic properties, illustrate popular copula families, and...
High quality input data is a necessity for successful Discrete Event Simulation (DES) applications, and there are available methodologies for data collection in DES projects. However, in contrast to standalone projects, using DES as a day-to-day engineering tool requires high quality production data to be constantly available. Unfortunately, there are no detailed guidelines that describes how to achieve...
Hardwood flooring mills transform rough wood into several boards of smaller dimensions. For each piece of raw material, the system tries to select the cutting pattern that will generate the greatest value, taking into account the characteristics of the raw material. However, it is often necessary to choose less profitable cutting patterns in order to respect market constraints. This reduces production...
The lean manufacturing philosophy includes several methods that aim to remove waste from production. This paper studies lean manufacturing methods and how simulation is used to consider them. In order to do this, it reviews papers that study simulation together with lean methods. The papers that are reviewed are categorized according to the lean methods used and result types obtained. Analysis is...
This work addresses the multiple criteria simulation optimization problem. Such a problem entails using an optimization strategy to manipulate the parameters of a simulation model to arrive at the best possible configurations in the presence of several performance measures in conflict. Pareto Efficiency conditions are used in an iterative framework based on experimental design and pairwise comparison...
To fulfill various customer demands by the same group of machines, flexible machine systems (FMS) are commonly used in fabrication facilities with heavy investment. FMS are computer-controlled systems consisting of several stations where each station specializes in particular operations with an appropriate transport system for the movement of products. In some wafer fabrication facilities, wafers...
Machine availability and quality performance can significantly constraint the operation of production systems. This work investigates the throughput and flow-time of a serial production line, considering partial availability and imperfect quality processing. The study develops analytical models of a production system based on Markov Chains and the Queuing Theory. The analytical model's results are...
Electric mobility has gained much attention over the last years. The reason for this popularity is the hope that the electric powertrain may—one day—replace conventional combustion engines; including all the problems they cause. At first glace, this hope seems to be justified, on second thought, however, electric vehicles (EVs) do not appear as environment-friendly as they are supposed to. The problem...
International Community can decide to establish several types of sanctions on the economy of a country. No matter the reasons of these sanctions, generally, they can have many adverse effects on the economy of the sanctioned country. This depends on the variety and extent of the sanctions. We propose a system dynamics model to capture some of the main reasons behind the economic instability in a sanctioned...
Tunnel Boring Machine (TBM) tunneling projects are frequently hit with delays which can cause adverse effects, extending schedules and incurring additional costs. This paper outlines a case study to show how simulation can be effectively used to analyze productivity performance of a project with emphasis on delays from equipment breakdowns and unexpected conditions. Data collected from this project...
The automatic setup process using simulation-based optimization to provide production parameter sets such as workpiece position, zero point position, and tool range requires high evaluation effort including multiple virtual tooling machine simulation runs to find possible setup solutions. In this contribution, an approach is demonstrated for a general zero point optimization in combination with a...
The use of discrete-event simulation (DES) in the construction and manufacturing industry has been increasing significantly over the past few decades. However, DES at present is mainly utilized during the construction planning phase as a planning tool, and it still remains a challenge to apply simulation during the execution phase for the purpose of construction control without an automated real-time...
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