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The increasing use of communications and computer-based technologies within vehicles and the highways network, creates both risks and opportunities. This paper examines the need to adopt a security-minded approach to the use of these new technologies in order to reduce the likelihood of them being maliciously exploited, and impacting on the safety or security: highway systems; vehicles, vehicles occupants;...
Quantitative methods are usually preferred in safety assessment, but, frequently, necessary probabilities cannot be determined accurately. As a result, expert judgment plays a significant role in safety arguments and system deployment decisions. Trust in expert judgment is based on the assumption that the expert's experience, knowledge, and training will enable the expert to make a suitable decision...
In this paper, we present a software tool for automotive safety engineering called AVL Safety Extensions (AVL_SE). The tool is part of a software tool framework and supports a workflow for model-based system safety engineering of HEV (hybrid electric vehicle) powertrain E/E (electrical and/or electronic) systems. We focus on AVL_SE's features which allow synchronising safety requirements in the model...
This paper explores some of the potential challenges experienced by the aerospace industry following the introduction of autonomous systems. The automotive industry is currently transitioning to position itself to introduce autonomous cars to the global market. This paper therefore makes suggestions where the automotive industry can potentially benefit from understanding lessons learned from the aerospace...
Industrial Control Systems (ICS) are now routinely connected to other networks to optimise business efficiency. Designs for safety and security risk treatment measures may conflict and cannot be designed in isolation yet we find there are still problems in combining them. If a CEO were to ask his safety engineer and his security engineer of a complex, networked, software-intensive system to produce...
Market forces cannot be relied upon to ensure the cyber security of safety-critical industries. Companies often lack the technical information to make informed decisions, for instance about the security of Commercial Off The Shelf (COTS) software. The pressures of competition also make it difficult to justify the cost of securing supply chains. Regulatory intervention can address these concerns. However,...
The safe and secure operation of critical national infrastructure is dependent on suitable responses to safety, security and operational priorities being integrated into Industrial Control Systems (ICS), at design stage and throughout the system life. This paper proposes a logical and structured approach to achieving this through successive consideration of the effect of decisions on pre-determined...
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