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A simple and accurate AC resistance model is essential for online estimation of copper loss which can be utilized in several ways of controlling and monitoring. This paper presents application of Squared Field Derivative on three-phase IPM machine to model AC resistance of rectangular conductors. It focuses on Finite Element Analysis to validate analytical model. The deviations from analytical model...
This paper presents a method for enhancing performance of a magnetic energy harvester. The harvester operates with a magnetically saturating core with high magnetic permeability. If the core saturates, the effective magnetizing inductance becomes small, and little power can be harvested from the core. Energy is harvested very efficiently during an operating cycle when the core is not saturated, a...
The on-load voltage distortion in interior permanent magnet (IPM) machine refers to the terminal voltage distorted by armature reaction. In this paper, the mechanism of the on-load voltage distortion have been investigated with the aid of frozen permeability method based on both fractional and integer slot IPM machines. It reveals that the local magnetic saturation caused by armature reaction will...
Inherent 2nd harmonic resistive and inductive saliencies are generally employed for rotor position estimation of permanent magnet synchronous machine at standstill and in low speed range. However, the resultant estimated rotor position has an angle ambiguity of π due to the lack of magnetic polarity information in these saliencies. Therefore, this paper utilises the high frequency (HF) inductance...
Magnetic gears are able to transmit torque between an input and an output shaft without mechanical contact. As for electrical drives, torque density, acoustic noise and torque ripple are of primary concern. This paper describes the influence of the pole numbers on the radial forces and the cogging torques. We show how continuous and discrete skewing can suppress torque harmonics effectively. Further,...
In this paper, fault tolerant control of a five-phase permanent magnet assisted synchronous reluctance motor (PMa-SynRM) has been discussed. Reliable control method under any fault conditions has been predominantly required in critical applications such as hybrid/electric vehicular applications and aerospace industries. The proposed method utilizes the advance vector control of multiphase machine...
This work investigates post-demagnetization characteristics of permanent magnet synchronous machines (PMSMs). A combination of closed-form analysis using a magnetic equivalent circuit model and finite element (FE) analysis is used to provide physical insights into the flux paths associated with demagnetizing electromotive force (MMF). Post-demagnetization behavior in several types of PMSMs is studied...
This paper presents a nonlinear analytical model of a novel double sided flux concentrating Transverse Flux Machine (TFM) based on the Magnetic Equivalent Circuit (MEC) model. The analytical model uses a series-parallel combination of flux tubes to predict the flux paths through different parts of the machine including air gaps, permanent magnets (PM), stator, and rotor. The two-dimensional MEC model...
The demand of high power Continuous Conduction Mode (CCM) Power Factor Correction (PFC) converter installed in charging devices for Electric and Hybrid Vehicles has grown in the recent years. In these converters, the inductor often appears as the largest component, consequently, the CCM boost PFC converter using coupled inductors is well-known as one of the topologies that can achieve miniaturization...
This paper suggests design of variable flux motor for variable speed operation. The calculation method of electrical parameters to meet variable speed condition is suggested, and the basic motor shape is decided using the relationships between the calculated electrical parameters and motor geometry. The difference between corecivity of two types of magnet is used to control flux. To prevent irreversible...
This paper proposes a non-linear observer for Induction Machine (IM) drives which takes into consideration the saturation effects. The non-linear observer is based on an original formulation of the dynamic model of the IM taking into consideration the magnetic saturation of the iron core. A Lyapunov based convergence analysis is proposed in order to suitably compute the observer gain guaranteeing...
In this paper, we propose a new position sensorless drive system for an interior permanent magnet synchronous motor (IPMSM) with maximum torque control. The proposed method is based on extended electromotive force (EEMF) and voltage injection synchronized with a pulse-width modulated (PWM) carrier. In the proposed method, in order to estimate the magnetic pole position using the EEMF, there is no...
A block commutation based position sensorless method for low speed regions has some advantages [6]-[11]. This method introduces "Induced Voltage caused by Magnetic Saturation (IVMS)". The IVMS based method can be applied to most permanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSM) with or without a saliency rotor structure. However, some motors that have a closed-slot stator structure cannot easily...
A magnetizer design methodology that takes into account systematic errors such as the variation in flux density (B), and the z-component of the magnetic field (Hz), is proposed. The effect of the sample diameter and the effective length of the yoke, i.e. yoke depth on Hz are analysed. Experimental results at 1.5 T and 60 Hz showed a reduction of 81 %, 72 % and 30 % by a large magnetizer, shielding...
This paper investigates demagnetization characteristics of rare-earth permanent magnets used in electric machines. A test fixture was designed and built to induce controllable local demagnetization in the magnet sample under test. A range of demagnetizing magnetomotive force (MMF) was applied to force the magnet samples to operate at various points along their B-H curves. The degree of demagnetization...
This paper presents a simple approach to account for saturation and its effects, based on varying effective air-gap length of an analytical model of surface-mounted permanent-magnet (PM) synchronous motor (SMPMSM). Firstly, the real structure of the machine is modeled with two concentric regions and the magnetic potential vectors are analytically calculated by solving the Maxwell's equations. Then,...
This paper presents a input-output Feedback Linearization (FL) control technique for rotating Induction Motors (IM), which takes into consideration the magnetic saturation of the iron core. Starting from a new formulation of the IM dynamic model, taking into consideration the magnetic saturation, expressed in a space-state form in the rotor flux oriented reference frame, the corresponding FL technique...
The Fractional Slot Concentrated Winding (FSCW) configuration increases spatial harmonics of the magneto motive force (MMF) waveform of an electric machine. Therefore, saturation level in such machines is typically higher than that of the conventional machines with distributed windings. Since the characteristic of Interior Permanent Magnet (IPM) machine principally depends on inductances variation,...
This paper presents a comparison among low cost permanent magnet synchronous machine (PMSM) solutions, employing the frame and the stator laminations of an asynchronous machine. The comparison is carried out by means of finite element simulations. This work aims at obtaining machines with reduced cost, competitive in terms of nominal torque, torque ripple and cogging torque. The baseline for comparison...
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