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A watt-range contactless electromechanical energy harvester based on the interaction of a rotating permanent magnet wheel with a moving conductive surface is analyzed, modeled and optimized. The extracted models are verified with two-dimensional (2-D) finite-element-method (FEM) simulations and measurement results. Finally, a ρη-Pareto optimization indicates a power density of the harvester wheel...
This paper investigates the impact of three transformer-winding configurations, i.e. the Y-Y, the Y-Δ, and the Δ-Δ configuration, on the performance of a three-phase dual active bridge (DAB) dc-dc converter. For each configuration, equations for the phase current, power flow, and soft-switching boundaries are derived for all possible switching modes of the three-phase DAB. Thereafter, a comparison...
In order to reduce energy consumption, we have developed a technique that quickly reverses salient poles in permanent magnet (PM) motors. When this proposed technique is used, because of this permanent magnetization, PM motors can change negative salient poles to positive salient poles. This paper proposes a novel PM motor that uses our proposed technique to reverse saliency and describes the principle...
Performance of a power electronic system is identified with its system efficiency, system cost, and the devices being used. This work illustrates how a Digital Signal Processor (DSP) based Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) switching scheme can be used as a low cost control solution to provide better excitation for the magnetic core of a 3-Limb Core Coupled Inductor Inverter (CII). A modified version of...
The demand of high power Continuous Conduction Mode (CCM) Power Factor Correction (PFC) converter installed in charging devices for Electric and Hybrid Vehicles has grown in the recent years. In these converters, the inductor often appears as the largest component, consequently, the CCM boost PFC converter using coupled inductors is well-known as one of the topologies that can achieve miniaturization...
This paper suggests design of variable flux motor for variable speed operation. The calculation method of electrical parameters to meet variable speed condition is suggested, and the basic motor shape is decided using the relationships between the calculated electrical parameters and motor geometry. The difference between corecivity of two types of magnet is used to control flux. To prevent irreversible...
This paper proposes a non-linear observer for Induction Machine (IM) drives which takes into consideration the saturation effects. The non-linear observer is based on an original formulation of the dynamic model of the IM taking into consideration the magnetic saturation of the iron core. A Lyapunov based convergence analysis is proposed in order to suitably compute the observer gain guaranteeing...
A magnetizer design methodology that takes into account systematic errors such as the variation in flux density (B), and the z-component of the magnetic field (Hz), is proposed. The effect of the sample diameter and the effective length of the yoke, i.e. yoke depth on Hz are analysed. Experimental results at 1.5 T and 60 Hz showed a reduction of 81 %, 72 % and 30 % by a large magnetizer, shielding...
While high frequency switching of power converters can enable inductor volume reductions, large temperature increases occur in such inductors as their thermal resistance increases. Therefore, the ability to accurately calculate inductor iron losses is necessary when designing high-power-density converters. In the present paper, the authors propose an accurate iron loss calculation method for inductors...
Transmitting and receiving resonators for 7 kW-class wireless power transfer/transmission (WPT) systems operating at 85 kHz have been developed for contactless Electric Vehicle (EV) / Plugin Hybrid EV (PHEV) charging. The light weight and small volume of the on-board receiving resonator to be mounted on the vehicle are required attributes. A thickness and a shape of the core in the resonance coil...
Multiple dipole receiving (Rx) coils, which are applicable to ubiquitous mobile device charging applications, are newly proposed in this paper. By using the proposed Rx coils, any mobile devices equipped with the proposed Rx coil can be freely charged regardless of direction anywhere and at any time in wireless power zone, where a uniformly distributed magnetic flux environment is provided for wireless...
The Modular Multilevel Converter (M2LC) is a well-known modular multilevel topology. This paper proposes a novel branch inductor coupling and compares it to the center-tapped inductor and the standard non-coupled inductor topology. The proposed coupling has a significant influence on the inductor and converter dimensioning. Its properties make it especially well-suited for use in M2LC single-to-three-phase...
This paper investigates demagnetization characteristics of rare-earth permanent magnets used in electric machines. A test fixture was designed and built to induce controllable local demagnetization in the magnet sample under test. A range of demagnetizing magnetomotive force (MMF) was applied to force the magnet samples to operate at various points along their B-H curves. The degree of demagnetization...
Permanent magnet (PM) magnetization state estimation is important for torque control/monitoring in conventional permanent magnet synchronous machine (PMSM), e.g. interior PMSM (IPMSM) and surface PMSM (SPMSM). Furthermore, this can be critical for variable flux machines (VFM) or spoke-type ferrite magnet motors (STFMM). PM magnetization state can change during normal operation of the machine, either...
This paper presents the design and implementation of a 27.12 MHz, 320 W, 170 V to 28 V dc-dc resonant power converter with resonant inductors and capacitors embedded into the Printed Circuit Board (PCB). Operating at 27.12 MHz allows for small value and size resonant passive components to be implemented using traces on or within a PCB. Previous work [1]-[14] has demonstrated various ways of using...
In this paper, we investigate the impact of mechanical stress on characteristics of interior permanent magnet synchronous motors from both results of measurement and calculation. First, the basic experiments by using stator cores with/without shrink fitting of housing are carried out. The measured iron loss is compared with the calculated results obtained by combined stress and electromagnetic field...
This paper presents a input-output Feedback Linearization (FL) control technique for rotating Induction Motors (IM), which takes into consideration the magnetic saturation of the iron core. Starting from a new formulation of the IM dynamic model, taking into consideration the magnetic saturation, expressed in a space-state form in the rotor flux oriented reference frame, the corresponding FL technique...
In this paper a novel E-Core axial flux machine is proposed. The machine has a double stator-single rotor configuration with flux concentrating ferrite magnets, and pole windings across each leg of an E-Core stator. E-Core stators with the proposed flux-concentrating rotor arrangement result in better magnet utilization and higher torque density. The machine also has a modular structure facilitating...
The task of applying numerical design optimization techniques to traction motors increases in complexity when there are complicated combinations of demanding performance specifications and physical dimension constraints that must be satisfied. This paper presents a constrained optimization routine that can be used to efficiently optimize electric machine designs to meet demanding U.S. DRIVE traction...
The authors have previously reported that the iron loss of an inductor varies according to its premagnetization, and this depends heavily on the core material. In the present paper, the iron loss characteristics for the premagnetization of typical magnetic materials, such as a ferrite core, an iron powder core, and a sendust core are shown. Based on the loss characteristics, the loss calculation of...
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