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This paper presents a new approach in estimating important parameters of power system transient stability model such as inertia constant and direct axis transient reactance in real time. It uses a variation of unscented Kalman filter (UKF) on the phasor measurement unit (PMU) data. The accurate estimation of these parameters is very important for assessing the stability and tuning...
This paper proposes a real-time data compression and adapted protocol technique for wide-area measurement systems (WAMS). The compression algorithm combines exception compression (EC) with swing door trending (SDT) compression. The compression logic is designed to perform this algorithm in real time. Selection of compression parameters and data reconstruction are presented. An adapted protocol is...
Accurate information about dynamic states is important for efficient control and operation of a power system. This paper compares the performance of four Bayesian-based filtering approaches in estimating dynamic states of a synchronous machine using PMU data. The four methods are Extended Kalman Filter, Unscented Kalman Filter, Ensemble Kalman Filter, and Particle Filter. The statistical performance...
Phasor Measurement Units (PMUs) are being rapidly deployed in power grids due to their high sampling rates and synchronised measurements. The devices high data reporting rates present major computational challenges, in the requirement to process potentially massive volumes of data, in addition to new issues surrounding data storage. Fast algorithms capable of processing massive volumes of data are...
This paper discusses the design and usage of a SIMULINK-based Phasor Measurement Unit (PMU) simulator package.1 The motivation for developing the package is to provide a flexible environment for teaching phasor measurement and frequency estimation to advanced undergraduate and graduate students, and providing a knowledge base to students for research. This software allows for the exploration of the...
Synchrophasor measurements, as obtained from phasor measurement units (PMUs), of power system frequency, voltages, and currents provide several important capabilities beyond the traditional 4-second substation data used in the energy management systems of control centers. These properties include precise time tagging of the measured data using GPS signals, high sampling rate at 30/50/60 samples per...
This presentation is motivated by the recent increase in the number of phasor measurement units (PMU) installed in substations which suggests that it is not unrealistic to assume that most transmission systems will soon be fully observable by only PMU measurements. When there are sufficient number of PMU measurements to make the system observable, then state estimation problem can be formulated in...
A suitable networked control scheme and its stability analysis framework have been developed for controlling inherent electromechanical oscillatory dynamics observed in power systems. It is assumed that the feedback signals are obtained at locations away from the controller/actuator and transmitted over a communication network with the help of phasor measurement units (PMUs). Within the generic framework...
Phasor measurement units (PMUs) provide the basis for synchrophasor measurements, which are good data sources for capturing power system dynamic behavior. The recently published IEEE Standard C37.118.1-2011 characterizes the dynamic performance of synchrophasor measurements with two performance class filters: P-class and M-class. Practical implementation of a PMU to meet all dynamic requirements is...
This paper develops a self-coherence method for detecting sustained oscillations using phasor measurement unit (PMU) data. Sustained oscillations decrease system performance and introduce potential reliability issues. Timely detection of the oscillations at an early stage provides the opportunity for taking remedial reaction. Using high-speed time-synchronized PMU data, this paper details a self-coherence...
In this paper, the empirical observability Gramian calculated around the operating region of a power system is used to quantify the degree of observability of the system states under specific phasor measurement unit (PMU) placement. An optimal PMU placement method for power system dynamic state estimation is further formulated as an optimization problem which maximizes the determinant of the empirical...
Because wind power penetration levels in electric power systems are continuously increasing, voltage stability is a critical issue for maintaining power system security and operation. The traditional methods to analyze voltage stability can be classified into two categories: dynamic and steady-state. Dynamic analysis relies on time-domain simulations of faults at different locations; however, this...
Power system is facing great challenges resulted from various smart grid initiatives, high penetration of renewable resources, and increasing complexity of networks. To address these challenges, cloud computing offers an attractive IT alternative that can facilitate power system operations in various aspects. This paper discusses the potential implementation of cloud computing technique for power...
Transmission line parameter modeling and PMU measurement calibration are important research topics in power system engineering. State estimation is widely used to estimate voltage with assumption of “accurate” system parameters. Various methods have also been proposed to estimate line parameters based on PMU measurements. However, neither system parameters nor system measurements are reliable enough...
Results from two practical and fast methods to estimate systems' Maximum Loading Point (MLP) using Phasor Measurement Units (PMUs) are used in this paper as initial values for a robust and very efficient method that takes advantage of the geometric characteristics of the maximum loading hyperplane and uses the load flow with step size optimization (LFSSO) technique to estimate the system's proximity...
In this paper estimation of three-phase transmission line parameters is done with the help of synchrophasor measurements by using a recursive regression technique based on the Kalman filter. The errors in the regression vector due to presence of noise in the synchrophasor data are also accounted for while estimating the parameters. The performance of this technique is demonstrated for a medium length...
This paper presents a new out-of-step detection method for multi-machine power systems based on approximate stability boundaries. The boundaries are constructed based on Zubov's method of stability analysis. The proposed out-of-step detection method first constructs a series of boundaries in power angle - frequency (δ-ω) plane, and tracks the trajectory of each generator in the δ-ω plane after the...
This paper presents a distributed multi-agent scheme for enhancing the cyber security of smart grids which integrates computational resources, physical processes, and communication capabilities. Smart grid infrastructures are vulnerable to various cyber attacks and noises whose influences are significant for reliable and secure operations. A distributed agent-based framework is developed to investigate...
With the growth of inter-utilities power exchanges and the spread of new and rapid monitoring technologies, the efficient modeling of external networks becomes crucial for a reliable and secure operation. This paper investigates the problem of bad data in interconnected networks when real-time evaluated external equivalents are attached. It is shown that, under this scenario, regular techniques of...
In this paper, an approach is proposed to improve linear models adopted in small-signal stability studies using information extracted from measured outputs of real system, as small disturbance data recorded by phasor measurement units (PMU). With this aim, a trajectory sensitivity technique is applied on the mismatch between the output of the simulated model and the response of the real system. Using...
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