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Ethernet is emerging for many distributed real-time applications in industrial environments. It is also considered for substation automation in power systems with regard to IEC 61850 offering many advantages over conventional parallel wiring with analog signals. Mission-critical for protection and control systems as well as other demanding applications is the end-to-end delay of messages. Beside the...
Within this paper, we highlight the need to properly assess interoperability between individual systems in the context of smart grid component integration. We present a motivation for standardisation to increase interoperability as well as extend this concept with a new metric based on the current state of the art. We present enhancement to the state of the art and present domain specific examples...
The distribution domain of the smart grid incorporates advantages of the newest substation automation standards in order to enhance distribution network automation. State-of-the-art distribution automation solutions use the public Internet for exchanging data between substation and control center. This presents challenges for cybersecurity, particularly for critical data determining distribution network...
Micro grids are localized groups of electricity generators, energy storage systems, and loads with the possibility of operating both connected and disconnected from the distribution grid. This paper is focused on the automation of micro grids using heterogeneous communication networks; the new approach takes into account the need of reusing existing wired and wireless technologies and assets when...
The IEC 61499 standard provides means to specify distributed control systems in terms of function blocks. The execution model is event driven (asynchronous), where triggering events may be associated with data (and seen as a message). In this paper we propose a low complexity implementation technique allowing to assess end-to-end response time of event chains spanning over a set of networked devices...
The paper addresses the problem of coverage testing of industrial automation software represented in the IEC 61499 standard, one of the recent standards for distributed control system design. Contrary to model-based testing (MBT), the paper focuses on implementation coverage, not model coverage. An approach based on evolutionary algorithms is presented which generates coverage test suites for both...
The continuous changes on the market and customer demands have forced modern automation systems to provide more strict Quality of Service (QoS) requirements such as load balance or full availability of the control system, among other characteristics. In order to cope with these demanding requirements, modern automation systems have started to incorporate novel design approaches which include reconfiguration...
This paper presents an approach for automatic reconstruction of automation logic from execution scenarios using a metaheuristic algorithm. The IEC 61499 basic function blocks is chosen as implementation language and reconstruction of Execution Control Charts for basic function blocks is addressed. The synthesis method is based on a metaheuristic algorithm most closely related to ant colony optimization...
The IEC 61499 Function Block standard describes an architecture to support the development and reuse of software components for distributed and embedded industrial control and automation systems. Often distributed over heterogeneous execution platforms, IEC 61499 applications are highly re-configurable; users can map individual function blocks to run on any available device. However, the standard...
Cyber-physical systems show their impacts in many areas including industrial automation. Design and analysis of cyber-physical automation systems requires an integral model that takes into account tight coordination of control, communication and physical plants dynamics, thus creating a new research domain, namely industrial cyber-physical systems. This paper proposes a new execution semantics for...
The emergence of LED luminaires that can be dimmed rapidly and frequently enables radical innovations in street lighting automation. It is possible to save considerable amounts of energy by adjusting street lighting according to the movements of individual road users. Since the same lights are often used for illuminating both vehicle lanes and sidewalks, it is necessary to detect both vehicles and...
During the last years the increasing installation of distributed energy resources, electric vehicles bus also energy storage systems has lead to new challenges in terms of power system planning and operation. New intelligent approaches turning power distribution grids into Smart Grids are necessary. For their realization standardized automation, control and communication systems are essential. Moreover,...
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