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A host can simultaneously transmit or receipt multiple packets on different beams with smart antenna (or Multi-beam antenna) systems. Hence, Smart antenna system can have spatial reuse and reduced power consumption. However, the host with smart antenna cannot transmit to its neighboring by one beam and receive from other neighboring by other beam simultaneously. For multi-hop transmissions, an efficient...
Illegal use of digital technologies has brought a series of problems in speech protection and authorization. Digital watermarking can effectively solve these problems by embedding watermarks into the host signals. This paper proposes a hybrid watermarking method for speech signals based on the concepts of formant enhancement (FE) and cochlear delay (CD). This hybrid method utilizes the source-filter...
Virtual Auditory Display (VAD) is a system, which displays acoustic spatial information toward two ears. There are several variations of construction of VAD system. The most popular system is binaural system with headphones. Listener often moves his/her heads unconsciously in listening. Therefore, the rendering acoustic space should be responsive to head movement. Moreover, VAD system responsive to...
Previous research of ant-based routing algorithms mainly focused on energy efficiency. However, how ant-based routing algorithms perform in other metrics has been neglected. In this research, we compare the packet delivery ratio, the end-to-end delay and the first packet arrival time of an ant colony optimization (ACO) routing algorithm with three routing protocols commonly used in MANET, namely,...
Any path routing has been proposed as a new routing paradigm for enhancing the performance of Wireless Mesh Networks (WMNs) by exploiting the inherent broadcasting and spatial diversity properties of a wireless medium. This routing paradigm is based on a MAC protocol which provides an any cast transmission capability and therefore allows each node to send its packets to any candidate neighboring node...
Network Address Translation (NAT) is the major solution to solve IP address shortage. However, NAT breaks the peer-to-peer communications and the Internet-oriented requests. In order to resolve this problem, lots of NAT traversal solutions such as Session Traversal Utilities for NAT (STUN), Universal Plug-and-Play (UPnP), Traversal Using Relay NAT (TURN), Application-Layer Gateway (ALG) and Interactive...
To achieve the same availability as PSTN (Public Switched Telephone Network), the VoIP (Voice over Internet Protocol) service providers deploy the HA (High Availability) mechanisms in the VoIP servers. Specifically, the VoIP server with the HA mechanism stores the VoIP user's registration record in the non-volatility memory (e.g., hard disk). After the VoIP server is restored from the failure, the...
As one of the most popular topics in the Next Generation Network (NGN), Named Data Networking (NDN), a newly proposed network architecture centered on content data, targets on altering the existing communication protocol between Internet hosts. NDN uses data names rather than IP addresses for data transmission and re-designs the packet formats and the protocols between layers in order to substitute...
The work develops transformation from regular pencil to standard pencil for a class of continuous singular systems with state and output time delays. It proposes a state feedback control to remove the impulsive modes from the system response. Finally, it presents a new technique for decomposing the time-delay singular system to an equivalent low-order regular system with a direct transmission term...
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