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This paper presents an overview of evolving phosphor converted light emitting diode (LED) technology employed in general lighting applications. Its aim is to present technical developments alongside discussion regarding commercial implications and constraints. It integrates a number of elements that typically remain rather disparate. In itself the material does not represent a technological breakthrough...
Effect of compact thermal packaging approaches and challenges are investigated for a next generation automotive LED lighting. A challenging three-purpose in one (3i1) highly packaged light emitting diodes (LEDs) lighting system has been studied computationally and experimentally. A tightly packed light engine printed circuit board (PCB) with both LEDs and electronics in a very hermetically sealed...
Solid state light sources, such as light emitting diodes (LEDs), provide many inherent benefits and will dominate the lighting industry in the coming decades. While much of the industry is currently focused on packaging LED technology in standardized 19th century form factors to address the massive installed base of traditional fixtures, the unique characteristics of solid state devices can and will...
White light emitting diodes (LEDs) are appearing in general illumination applications. Clusters of such LEDs can replace an incandescent light bulb of equal luminosity on the merit of considerably low power consumption. However the optical performance and working life of these LED packages are strongly dependent on the temperature of the p-n junction of the LED. Hence it is very critical to determine...
Global warming highlights the effect of light-emitting diodes (LEDs), the advantages of which include lo w pollution and power consumption, as well as a long operation lifetime. However, LED research and development is limited by Illuminating Engineering Society of North America (IES) LM-80-08. This standard reliability test, which is utilized by most LED companies, is time-consuming and prolongs...
Thermal management for white light-emitting diode (LED) packages is of great importance. Conventional thermal management methods mainly focus on the outside of LED package, but we, in this study, focused on the thermal management inside the LED package. Besides the heat generated in LED chips, we also consider the phosphor heat generation, which is calculated by Kubelka-Munk theory. We analyzed the...
This study investigated how passive and active cooling methods dissipated the heat from a remote phosphor layer in an LED system. The focus was on quantifying the amount of cooling contributed by each heat dissipation mechanism, namely, conduction, convection, and radiation.
As LED applications continue to expand beyond lighting and sensors, the power levels and heat dissipation requirements will also continue to increase. Thermal management is becoming a major design issue for high-power LED systems. The size and weight of conventional bulk metal heat sinks cannot satisfy shrinking packaging constraints. Active cooling methods, such as forced air cooling or even pumped...
The LED lighting market is growing annually, however high prices remain a barrier, especially in the incandescent replacement market [1]. Many LED bulbs, such as the A19 (the “classic” light bulb shape), MR16 (Multifaceted Reflector, 16 eights of an inch in diameter), and PAR30 (Parabolic Aluminized Reflector lamp, 30 eights of an inch in diameter) could benefit from the use of plastic materials to...
Thermal energy of many electronic components is currently managed using a heat sink cast of a conductive metal alloy. This method requires significant secondary assembly of many sub-components such as fasteners, thermal interface materials and potting compounds.
An investigation of a solid-state lighting (SSL) luminaire with the focus on the electronic driver which has been exposed to a standard wet hot temperature operating life (WHTOL) of 85% RH and 85°C in order to assess reliability of prolonged exposer to a harsh environment has been conducted. SSL luminaires are beginning introduced as headlamps in some of today's luxury automobiles and may also be...
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