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Design improvements and fabrication of a 10 MW, 1.3 GHz Annular Beam Klystron are described. The principal improvement is the electron gun. Utilization of a Controlled Porosity Reservoir (CPR) cathode allows the use of a zero-compression gun, resulting in improved beam quality and reductions in the gun and solenoid diameters.
The multiple beam klystrons (MBK) offer some distinct advantages over their single beam versions including higher average power, relatively lower operating voltages, higher bandwidth and low individual beam current. In this paper the design of the radio frequency (RF) section of a multiple beam klystron working in the J band frequency range is presented. The RF design and simulation has been carried...
A W-band sheet-beam extended interaction klystron (EIK) has been fabricated and tested. The EIK integrates a 3-cavity circuit with our previously demonstrated 20-kV, 3.5-A beamstick. The EIK has produced a saturated peak output power of over 7.5 kW and a small-signal gain of almost 40 dB, in very good agreement with our simulations.
Micro-reentrant square cavities operating at high order modes have been demonstrated to be a viable solution for the realization of millimeter wave klystrons. However, the excitation of the required high order mode is a challenging task. The realization and measurement of a novel coupler for high order mode cavities is proposed.
This paper presents the simulation study of a C band klystron with a disc-load waveguide traveling wave output structure. The electron gun with a perveance of 1.5μp is designed. A 3-cell disc-loaded waveguide output structure working at π/2 mode is adopted in the circuit design. The beam-wave interaction system with disc-loaded waveguide output structure is simulated by PIC code. More than 50MW output...
The interaction circuit with a ladder type structure is designed for the W-band high-power extended interaction klystron (EIK). The stability of the multi-gap resonant cavity is analyzed. The preliminary design is verified by 3D-PIC simulation and the results meet the requirements in stability, gain and output power.
A CW 48 GHz 500 Watt saturated 250 MHz Extended Interaction Klystron (EIK) has been developed and delivered for use in the ESA Alphasat program. Designed for integration into a new CPI Satcom Division High Power Amplifier (HPA), this EIK may be operated in a linear mode up to 300 Watts rated output power, with performance optimized at 75 Watts. The EIK is temperature stabilized over a 60°C temperature...
Some technical problems were found during the testing and the application of the C-band MBK. These problems include the variation of power-frequency characteristics; the oscillation of high order modes; the breakdown in the electron gun and the microwave leak at the collector insulator. These technical problems were caused by the evaporation of the cathode, attenuating material and the copper, or...
The European Spallation Source (ESS) requires 5 MW of proton beam power which is a factor of five larger in power compared to existing spallation facilities. To accommodate the high power, the ESS facility will pioneer the long pulse concept. The proton linac sourcing the neutron spallation target will be a 2 GeV superconducting linac that requires 125 MW of peak RF power at 704 MHz.
Some physical phenomena had been observed in the collector region of the C-band and S-band MBKs made by Institute of Electronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (IECAS). One of them is the overheating of the collector inner surface, which will lead to the evaporation of the copper. The second one is the potential drop at the entrance of the collector, which will lead to the electron reflection. The third...
Different concepts for corkscrew modulated klystrons are presented. Special attention is paid to the generation of multiple twisted beams to reduce current density in high power applications. Furthermore, the possibility of simple frequency multiplication in the output and idler cavities is addressed.
Many emerging applications for high power RF sources place a premium on electrical efficiency. For pulsed systems, much of the energy is lost in the rising and falling edges of the beam current. This paper presents the concept of a pulsed depressed collector and the resulting improvements in system efficiency.
An RF window design of a 350 kW CW X-band klystron is described. The window has dielectric barrier made of pyrolitic boron nitride. The microwave power is transmitted through the barrier in the TM11-mode of the circular waveguide.
A novel model of the compact high power 264 GHz CW Extended Interaction Oscillator has been developed by CPI Canada. By combination of mechanical tuning and electronic switching between two operating modes, this EIO provides over 1 W of power in the range of 258 to 270 GHz. Liquid cooling is used to stabilize RF circuit temperature and prevent frequency detuning. Further development is ongoing to...
Based on the mode-matching technique and simulation software CST, this paper analyzes and simulates the input cavity of gyroklystron amplifier, and gets the structure model of TE01 mode W-band gyroklystron input cavity. Then it contrasts the influence of the size of coupling slots to the coupling frequency and Q-value.
A time-dependent self-consistent large-signal simulation code for gyroklystron is developed and the key technologies involved are introduced. To validate the code, a Ka-Band gyroklystron amplifier is simulated and the effects of time step and space step are observed, which lead up to a coarse criterion about the choice of appropriate time step and space step so as to take consideration of both computation...
One dimensional beam wave interaction simulator for klystron (BWIS_KLY) which is one module of the microwave-tube simulator (MTSS) was developed. The main features of BWIS_KLY are described.
The problems of designing reversible magnetic focusing systems of multi-beam klystrons are considered. The possible constructive decisions of magnetic systems are presented. Here are discussed the approaches to designing MRFS, techniques of magnetization and setting of the magnets, reducing the radial component of the magnetic induction on the axis of the working channels, materials selection of permanent...
Calabazas Creek Research, Inc. is developing a 10 kW CW, high efficiency, S-band, Periodic Permanent Magnet (PPM) focused klystron capable of driving accelerator cavities. The presentation will describe the design, computational analysis, and measured results. Measurements will be compared to simulation results from the large signal codes KLSC and Tesla.
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