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Osteoporosis is more common in India. The prevention of ‘first’ osteoporotic fracture is better than cure. The central dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) bone densitometer is not widely available, and is expensive. The aim of this study was to screen south Indian rural population aged ≥50 years, for predicting future osteoporotic fracture risk using a simple online FRAX® Calculator. A total number...
The evolution of the Point-of-Care (POC) to home hospitalization brings the Mobile POC approach consisting of several portable medical devices and a mobile system with 3rd Generation (3G) connectivity. Plug-and-play is a desired feature in Mobile POC applications. This paper presents a new interoperable plug-and-play Electrocardiogram (ECG) recorder for Mobile POC applications. It is based on Bluetooth®...
A posture training paradigm with visual biofeedback is presented for physical rehabilitation following posture disorders (e.g. Pusher Syndrome). The objectives of the current study were: to calculate centre of pressure (CoP) using Wii balance board, to calculate centre of mass (CoM) using Microsoft Kinect sensor, and conceptual design of visual postural-feedback paradigm so that the user can improve...
Pacemaker technology has improved tremendously in the last 50 years, and is now the established global standard-of-care for patients suffering from bradycardia (slow heart beats). However, various structural, clinical and cultural barriers prevent the widespread adoption of pacemakers in emerging markets such as India. This paper analyzes these barriers and discusses the concept of leadless pacing...
This paper proposes a portable wound area measurement method based on the segmentation of digital images. Its objective is to provide a practical, fast and non-invasive technique for medical staff to monitor the healing process of chronic wounds. Segmentation is based on active contour models which identifies the wound border irrespective of coloration and shape. The initial segmentation can also...
Rural healthcare system in China is facing serious problems in these decades. The increasing financial expense of healthcare turns into a burden for the rural residents and government. Improving the healthcare quality for rural Chinese communities is of prime importance for promoting health equity in China. In this paper, we discuss the major problems we facing in the rural healthcare: the aging population,...
Aortic elasticity and stiffness has been proven to be a strong independent predictor of cardio vascular diseases (CVD). Many features have been used to quantify arterial elasticity and stiffness. This paper describes a novel and automated technique for segmentation and boundary detection of lumen of common carotid artery (CCA) using longitudinal B-mode ultrasound images. Numerical attributes are measured...
The metabolic status of critically ill patients in the intensive care unit (ICU) is of critical importance and requires frequent monitoring. Tests done outside of the ICU with slow turnaround may cause undesirable patient outcomes. The numerous disposable test strips required for patient care increase the already high costs of care in the ICU. We have developed a low-cost, reusable optical slide which...
Automated chromosome classification is an essential task in cytogenetics. The genetic disorders and abnormalities that occur to the future generation can be predicted through analysing the various characteristics of the chromosomes. The chromosome classification is mainly based on geometric and morphological features. An effective algorithm for chromosome geometric feature extraction is presented...
Diabetic retinopathy is a vascular disorder caused by changes in the blood vessels of the retina. The proposed work uses an Extreme Learning Machine (ELM) approach for blood vessel detection in digital retinal images. This approach is based on pixel classification using a 7-D feature vector obtained from preprocessed retinal images and given as input to an ELM. Classification results categorizes each...
Carotid artery disease occurs when the diameter of the carotid arteries is narrowed because of a buidup of fatty plaque and cholesterol along the inside walls of the arteries. Carotid arteries can develop atherosclerosis which is a chronic disease characterized by unusual thickening and hardening of the carotid artery walls. The intima-media thickness (IMT) is a reliable early indicator of this pathology...
“Health is the greatest possession”. Various techniques are drawn for the better treatment of health of society. As the technology is reaching its peak, it is emerging in medical treatments quickly and fruitfully giving birth to “telemedicine” - invention of technology in medicine. Earlier slow and erroneous processes are replaced by precise and faultless methods involving fast internet services....
Computer-based decision support (CDSS) systems can deliver real patient care and increase chances of long-term survival in areas of chronic disease management prone to poor control. Computer-based Decision Support Systems (CDSS) can provide candidate opinions based on available data that clinicians can use (or not) to shape their strategy for managing the condition. One such CDSS, for the management...
Diabetic foot ulcers have an enormous human cost when more than 250 million people are diagnosed with diabetes worldwide. In the etiology of foot ulcers in diabetic patients, it is generally agreed that non-mechanical factors such as peripheral neuropathy, dry skin, and/or vascular problems are often major contributing causes for skin ulceration. That, combined with the absence of “early warning”...
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