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Accurate measurements of warm dense matter (WDM) physical properties, such as temperature, density, and ionization state, are important for understanding and modeling high-energy density physics. X-ray Thomson scattering has been used to probe WDM states generated with high-power lasers. The Z-Accelerator has the capability to create WDM states with greater uniformity, larger size, and longer duration...
A primary goal of the Department of Energy's Isotope Development and Production for Research and Applications Program (Isotope Program) within the Office of Nuclear Physics (NP) is to produce isotopes that are in short supply in the U.S. and of which there exists no or insufficient domestic commercial production capability. A vacuum arc plasma centrifuge is a rigid rotor column of metal plasma in...
Metal puff Z pinch is a novel and promised way to produce soft X-ray radiation sources based on Z pinchespp]1|. Authors of Ref.2 has been studied the performance of a metal double puff Z-pinch system (450 kA, 450 ns). In this type of system, the outer and inner cylindrical shells were produced by ten plasma guns. Each gun initiates a vacuum arc operating between metal electrodes. Total gun current...
Modeling of the thermodynamic properties of materials in a wide range of temperatures and densities is interesting as for basic researches as for applications. The equations of state for metals and compounds under high-energy-density conditions are necessary for numerical simulations of hydrodynamic processes in plasmas under pulsed power influences1.
Previous experiments on the 1 MA Zebra generator at UNR were dedicated to studies of precursor plasmas with Ni-60 alloy (96% Cu) cylindrical wire arrays (CWA). Those precursor plasmas were shown to consistently have electron temperatures > 400 eV 1. Continuing research at 1 MA on Zebra found precursors for Cu, Brass, and Alumel CWAs to be consistent with Ni-60 results2. Recent Ni-60 CWA experiments...
Pulsed gas metal arc welding is a widespread and established joining technology. Improvements of efficiency and join quality can be obtained by reducing and focusing the heat input into the workpiece. The energy transfer takes place mostly during the high-current arc phase. Its spatial distribution depends on the arc property profiles and those of the arc root at the weld pool surface. Radial temperature...
The terahertz (THz) regime, commonly designated as the frequency region between 300 GHz and 3 THz, is relatively underutilized compared to other areas of the electromagnetic spectrum. However, THz radiation has many potential applications in molecular spectroscopy, communications, medical imaging, and security imaging1.
The liquid metal ion sources in focused ion beam (FIB) system have many advantages of high current density, high brightness and low ion energy spread. FIB system have been used widely for surface analysis, modification of integrated circuit, repair and failure analysis, etc.
The usage of cold atmospheric plasma for biomedical application is a rapidly growing field of research with a wide application spectrum. Here atmospheric plasmas, as the application of which has been derived and inspired from the semiconductor fabrication research as well as the space research, have been utilized to inactivate microorganisms such as bacteria, spores and viruses. There are still many...
So far, there have been many plasma methods developed for wastewater treatment but being expensive processes, none of them has actually replaced the conventional wastewater treatment methods. So, the current focus of research in this field is to develop a plasma process which is efficient for the purpose but at the same time cost-effective for industrial and commercial applications. In our experiment...
Investigations are underway at Sandia National Laboratories' RITS-6 accelerator on plasmas formed in the Self-Magnetic Pinch electron beam diode1. The diode consists of a small diameter hollowed cathode rod, a centimeter-wide vacuum A-K gap, and a planar, high atomic number metal target anode. The current and voltage are typically 120 kA at 7 MeV, with current densities in excess of 1.5 MA/cm∧2 on...
Metal-inert-gas (MIG) welding is the most-widely used form of arc welding in manufacturing. An arc is struck, usually in argon, between a metal wire electrode and the workpiece. The wire electrode melts, forming droplets that pass through the arc into the weld pool (the molten region of the workpiece).
It has been observed that Terahertz (THz) wave was radiation from nanostructured metal gratings1 and metal films2, which was illuminated by femtosecond laser pulse. The interaction of intense ultrashort femtosecond laser with plasma induced by metal targets can generated high power terahertz supercontinuum.
Electrochemical reactions are typically initiated at the interface of a solid metal electrode and ionic electrolyte. A small number of experiments, dating back to more than 100 years ago, have suggested that plasmas can be used as a gaseous electrode to mediate electrochemical reactions at the surface of liquids or thin films. However, plasmas are normally operated at low pressure which limits the...
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