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Terahertz radiations, which have a frequency range between 100 GHz and 30 THz, have applications in many fields, including nanotechnology, and photonics1. The use of femto-second laser pulses and a gallium arsenide photoconductive switch (PCSS) to generate THz radiations is well known. THz radiation waves occur when the signal generated in the substrate moves along the PCSS material (which acts as...
There has been a continued interest in utilizing streamer and spark discharges for new technologies which require low temperature plasma generation at atmospheric pressure. One key area of study is the role of photon dominated processes, such as ionization and dissociation, as a result of emission and re-absorption of vacuum UV radiation (e.g. photons with energies greater than 8 eV). This experiment...
Lasers with peak intensities of 1022 W/cm2 have already been created [1] and within the next ten years the maximum attainable intensity is expected to increase to 1024 W/cm2 [2] . In this intensity regime electrons become ultra relativistic, with kinetic energies of hundreds of times their rest mass energy, ions become relativistic, low density solids become relativistically transparent and additional...
In the broad field of photonics artificially structured periodic materials (so-called photonic crystals) play a key role due to their extraordinary electromagnetic properties. One of which is the existence of (multiple) bandgaps. Resulting, these materials allow for electromagnetic wave propagation in distinct frequency ranges. Furthermore, systematically introduced defects in periodicity enable to...
Radiation losses of electrons in ultra-intense laser fields constitute a process of major importance when considering laser-matter interaction at intensities of the order of and above 1022 W/cm2. Radiation losses can strongly modify the electron (and in turns ion) dynamics, and are associated with intense and directional emission of high energy photons. Accounting for such effects is therefore necessary...
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