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In this paper, we developed a methodology for estimating three parameters of tissue inclusion: size, depth, and Young's modulus from the tactile data obtained at the tissue surface with the tactile sensation imaging system. The estimation method consists of the forward algorithm using finite element method, and inversion algorithm using artificial neural network. The forward algorithm is designed...
Close-range underwater sensing of motion-based life signs can be performed with low power Doppler radar and ultrasound techniques. Corresponding noise and range performance trade-offs are examined here, with regard to choice of frequency and technology. The frequency range examined includes part of the UHF and microwave spectrum. Underwater detection of motion by radar in freshwater and saltwater...
Multi-sensor electrodes for extracellular recording of neuronal action potentials have significantly increased the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) in neurophysiological experiments, ultimately leading to a more accurate interpretation of scientific data. Apart from improving SNR, we hypothesize that these electrodes can be used to estimate the location of underlying neuronal signal sources, and perhaps...
Clinically arterial stiffness has shown that it is the most important cause of cardiovascular complications and also an independent risk factor to several cardiovascular diseases. In routine, there are many preferable non-invasive methods, including pressure-sensitive transducers, applanation tonometry, Doppler ultrasound and MRI, to get insight of cardiovascular condition. However, the operation...
The inferior right atrial isthmus consisting of the terminal crest, the network of pectinate muscles, and the vestibule shows very complex anatomical structure. It is seen as potential substrate for atrial flutter. In this work we present results from an electro-anatomical characterization of this region based on Cardiac Near Field recordings taken from five preparations of rabbit atrium. Pectinate...
Implantable cardiac devices such as artificial pacemakers deliver therapies according to the timing information from the heart. Such devices work under the assumptions of perfect sensing, which are: (a) the pacemaker leads remain in place, and (b) the pacing therapy in one chamber (e.g. atrium) is insulated from the other chambers (e.g. ventricles). But there are common cases which violate these assumptions...
Gait impairment is associated with increased falls risk. The gait of 321 community dwelling elderly adults was assessed using the TRIL Gait Analysis Platform (GAP), which was specially designed for ease of use in a research clinic setting by non-experts. The GAP featured body-worn kinematic sensors, a pressure sensitive electronic walkway, and two orthogonally mounted web cameras, and was developed...
Previous, studies have demonstrated variability in the frequency and amplitude in tremor between subjects and between trials in both healthy individuals and those with disease states. However, to date, few studies have examined the composition of tremor. Efficacy of treatment for tremor using techniques such as Botulinum neurotoxin type A (BoNT A) injection may benefit from a better understanding...
Individuals who suffer from acid reflux at night, who snore chronically, or who have sleep apnea are frequently encouraged to sleep in a particular lying position. Side sleeping decreases the frequency and severity of obstructive respiratory events (e.g. apnea and hypopnea) in patients with positional sleep apnea. It has been suggested that individuals with Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease sleep on...
We introduce a fault-tolerant strategy to improve the dependability of a multi-electrode array (MEA), an issue of considerable concern. We propose an interstitial redundancy approach with local reconfiguration. Here spare modules are placed at interstitial sites and can replace neighboring primary modules when they develop faults. We evaluate the performance of such a system under different faults...
The current state of neuromodulation can be cast in a classical dynamic control framework such that the nervous system is the classical “plant”, the neural stimulator is the controller, tools to collect clinical data are the sensors, and the physician's judgment is the state estimator. This framework characterizes the types of opportunities available to advance neuromodulation. In particular, technology...
We briefly describe a dynamic control system framework for neuromodulation for epilepsy, with an emphasis on its practical challenges and the preliminary validation of key prototype technologies in a chronic animal model. The current state of neuromodulation can be viewed as a classical dynamic control framework such that the nervous system is the classical “plant”, the neural stimulator is the controller/actuator,...
In remote monitoring of Electrocardiogram (ECG), it is very important to ensure that the diagnostic integrity of signals is not compromised by sensing artifacts and channel errors. It is also important for the sensors to be extremely power efficient to enable wearable form factors and long battery life. We present an application of Compressive Sensing (CS) as an error mitigation scheme at the application...
HeartCycle is a large-scale EU integrated project aiming to provide a complete disease management solution for cardiovascular disease patients, with emphasis on Heart Failure (HF) and Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) patients. The project develops innovative technologies and services to facilitate remote management of patients at home and motivate them to be compliant to treatment regimes and to adopt...
This paper describes an elasticity sensing system for left ventricle of small laboratory animal. We first show the basic concept of the proposed method, where a ring shaped specimen is dilated by a balloon type probe using a pressure based control, and the elasticity of the specimen is estimated by using the stress and strain information. We introduce a dual cylinder model for approximating the strengths...
A method for estimating step length during level walking using a single inertial measurement unit is proposed. A combination of an optimally filtered direct and reverse integration technique and a velocity update technique for the initial velocity values identification was implemented to reduce the effects of the acceleration signals drift. The method takes advantage of the cyclic nature of gait....
We investigate a novel type of interface that enables long-term vital sensing through noninvasive direct-contact vital sign detection and observation of body motion and feedback of health conditions through an illuminated display. Although various types of vital sign measuring equipment are currently commercially available, their complexity and inconvenient user interfaces coupled with human reluctance...
In this paper, as a preliminary study, we show that accuracy and repeatability in ambulatory measurements of wrist joint are related to movement conditions which are going to be used in a calibration procedure. We chose two representative in-vivo, non-invasive calibration methods of the human upper limb, from those available in literature, to estimate joint parameters. Developing an analytical model...
In an in home usage outpatient setting, patient compliance is a key factor in determining the adoption and efficacy of treatment for any illness and is paramount for patient dependent medical technologies such as mobile patient monitoring systems. As a leader in the development of these technologies, Corventis has deployed its NUVANT™ Mobile Cardiac Telemetry System to thousands of patients around...
The area of Micro and Nano systems (MNS) focuses on heterogeneous integration of technologies (e.g. electronics, mechanics and biotechnology) and implementation of multiple functionalities (e.g. sensing, processing, communication, energy and actuation) into small systems. A significant amount of MNS activities targets development and testing of systems enabling biomedicine and personal health solutions...
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