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The objective of this study is to induce chondrogensis in primary bovine mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), and determine the effects of insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) delivery on the resulting chondrocyte population. Chondrogenesis was initiated by TGF-β3 delivery over 8 days, and IGF-1 was delivered from days 9 through 13. Gene expression of chondrogenic markers (sox9, type II collagen, and aggrecan)...
This study demonstrates that adult neural stem cells (NSC) exhibit a differential response to endothelial cell (EC) derived extracellular matrix (ECM) produced under hemodynamic flow compared to statically produced ECM. In vivo, NSC reside in close proximity to blood vessels, suggesting that EC-produced factors may influence NSC fate. In vitro, it has been demonstrated that soluble factors released...
A system to control the differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) using RNAi methods is being investigated. Through this delivery system, we aim to induce the differentiation of stem cells for a variety of regenerative medicine applications. In these preliminary studies, we have characterized both the cytotoxicity and uptake of our polymeric system relative to commercial siRNA delivery...
Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a debilitating problem that often results in paraplegia or quadriplegia. Fibrin hydrogels can be injected into the injured cavity and fill the irregular space. Current techniques require 60 minutes to form a hydrogel. The purpose of this study was to design a fibrin biomaterial that would solidify at a faster rate. By augmenting the existing fabrication procedure, a novel...
A delivery system for parthenolide (PTL), a potential anticancer drug, is being developed. PTL has proved to be effective at eradicating cancer cells, such as leukemic stem cells, but its low solubility limits its use. We propose a way to circumvent this problem utilizing micelles with a hydrophobic interior that will hold the PTL and a hydrophilic exterior that will be soluble in the blood stream...
Laser direct-write (LDW) is a biofabrication method capable of rapidly creating precise patterns of viable cells. While previous studies have successfully printed cells to polystyrene Petri dishes, here we have adapted LDW to printing both human dermal fibroblasts and mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs) to cover slips, allowing more efficient use of culture reagents. Viability of both cell types was...
The process of bone healing is a highly orchestrated process involving mesenchymal progenitor cells (e.g., periosteal stem cells). The cascade begins with recruitment and robust proliferation of these cells followed by differentiation to osteogenic and chondrogenic cell types, which produce matrix that eventually becomes mineralized. Thus, promoting proliferation of mesenchymal progenitors is a key...
Sufficient vascularization of tissue is critical in regenerative medicine and tissue engineering. Embryonic stem cells (ESCs) can act as an unlimited resource in providing vascular tissue given their ability to self-renew and differentiate into any cell type. However, controlled vascular differentiation remains a challenge due to an intricate, coordinated interaction of multiple factors. Soluble factors,...
Reprogramming of cells for delivery of proteins at specific sites holds great promise for future clinical applications. Chitosan delivery agents in form of nano-spheres presents a readily available biodegradable option for controlled release of mRNA in the cytosol of the cells. In this work we are using Enhanced Green Fluorescent protein as a proof of concept to show for transfection of osteoblast...
Myocardial infarctions are the leading cause of death for both men and women in the United States. Current treatment techniques return blood flow to the infarcted tissue, but do not replace the dead cells with contractile cells. Research pertaining to human mesenchymal stem cells has shown promise in the ability to regrow and proliferate cardiac myocytes. Biological microthreads have been shown to...
The following topics are dealt with: biomaterials, biomechanics, biological engineering, chemical engineering, design, modeling and imaging, instrumentation, regenerative medicine, and stem cells.
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