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The BP Deepwater Horizon oil spill disaster has reminded us, once again, the potential for systemic failures in complex engineered systems. But such systemic failures are not limited to the chemical and petrochemical industries alone. The 2003 Northeast electrical power blackout was a systemic failure. Financial disasters such as Enron, WorldCom, subprime derivatives market, and so on, also belong...
The problem of fault diagnosis in thrusters of autonomous underwater vehicle is studied. Solution of the problem involves residual generation as a result of mismatch between vehicle behaviour and its reference model behaviour followed by decision making via evaluation of the residual. Sensitivity theory based methods are developed for the design of both residual generator and decision making procedure...
In this paper, the deployment of a fault diagnosis strategy in the Smart Distance Keeping (SDK) system with a decentralized architecture is presented. The SDK system is an advanced version of the Adaptive Cruise Control (ACC) system, implemented in a Renault-Volvo Trucks vehicle. The main goal of this work is to analyze measurements, issued from the SDK elements, in order to detect, to localize and...
This paper presents a new scheme for actuator fault detection and isolation (FDI) with application to actuator health monitoring on an aircraft. The Single Model Active Fault Detection and Isolation System (SMAC-FDI) efficiently detects and isolates a faulty actuator in a system. This method has a short response time and is robust against model uncertainties, sensor noise, external disturbances. The...
This paper discusses the problem of designing the sliding-mode-based sensor faults estimation in a general structure suitable on the actuator as well as sensor faults detection and estimation. The problem addressed is indicated as an unified algebraic approach giving sufficient conditions of solution. Lyapunov inequality implying from two linear matrix inequalities are outlined to posses a stabile...
Wavelet-based techniques for fault detection usually employ one of two basic approaches, namely (a) decomposition of a measured signal containing fault-related information or (b) decomposition of a residue calculated as the difference between sensor readings and the output of a model. An alternative approach, which was recently proposed in, consists of employing the wavelet transform to identify a...
For sequential jumps detection, isolation and estimation in discrete-time stochastic linear systems, Willsky and Jones. have developed the Generalized Likelihood Ratio (GLR) test. After each detection and isolation of one jump, the treatment of another possible jump is obtained by a direct state estimate and covariance incrementation of the Kalman filter originally designed on the jump-free system...
In this paper, a Fault Tolerant Control (FTC) strategy using a virtual sensor for Linear Parameter Varying (LPV) systems is proposed. The main idea of this FTC method is to reconfigure the control loop such such that the nominal controller could be still used without need of retuning it. That is, the plant with the sensor fault is modified adding the virtual sensor block that masks this fault and...
The concept of combining robust fault estimation within a controller system to achieve active Fault Tolerant Control (FTC) has been the subject of considerable interest in the recent literature. The current study is motivated by the need to develop model-based FTC schemes for systems that have no unique equilbria and are therefore difficult to linearise. Linear Parameter Varying (LPV) strategies are...
Sliding mode methods have been historically studied because of their strong robustness properties to a certain class of uncertainty. This is achieved by employing nonlinear control/injection signals to force the system trajectories to attain in finite time a motion along a surface in the state-space. This paper will consider how these ideas can be exploited for fault detection (specifically fault...
A Fault Detection and Isolation (FDI) method for a generic 3D aircraft is presented. The behavior of the aircraft is described by a nonlinear control-affine model, which is closed-loop controlled by a classical guidance, navigation and control (GNC) algorithm. The proposed FDI procedure exploits the redundancy induced by this control module, along with the accelerations measured by the Inertial Measurement...
In this paper the design of sliding mode observers for gyro and thruster fault detection and isolation in the Mars Express satellite is presented. The results are part of a project with the goal of examining the potential applicability of the sliding mode observer technique to on-board satellite deployment. A Monte Carlo campaign has been performed to assess the performance and robustness of the sliding...
A method for failure detection and isolation for redundant aircraft sensors is presented. The outputs of the concerned sensors are involved in the computation of flight law controls, and the objective is to eliminate any perturbation before propagation in the control loop when selecting a unique flight parameter among a set (generally 3) of redundant measurements. The particular case of an oscillatory...
This paper presents preliminary results regarding the development of a supervision scheme for the attitude control system of a nonlinear satellite model. The main issue concerns the handling of faults affecting the reaction wheels, i.e. how to detect and isolate faults, and how to prevent propagation into failures with potential mission loss as a consequence. Thus, this work investigates the design...
In this paper, a design methodology and implementation architecture for diagnosers in the framework of hybrid systems is proposed. The design methodology is based on the hybrid automata model that represents the system behaviour by means of the interaction of continuous dynamics and discrete events. The architecture is composed by means of modules which realize the mode recognition and diagnostic...
This paper addresses the problem of design a fault detection system for switched systems with unknown inputs. The residual generator based robust fault detection filter (RFDF) will be used, where the switching signal is assumed to be known, and the continuous states will be estimated, resulting a generation of residual signals for each linear model. Dwell-time constraint will be used to ensure the...
Significant research has been carried out over the past three decades in the area of fault tolerant control. Most methods available in the chemical engineering literature are capable of detecting, identifying, estimating and accommodating faults for nonlinear processes with continuous states without state dependent and controlled switching. This work is aimed at developing a method for diagnosing...
This paper presents the application of standard PCA technique to fault diagnosis system design. Based on the fault detectability analysis of existed test statistics, the joint use of some test statistics is recommended. Our further study is dedicated to develop a fault isolation approach based on likelihood ratio test, on which the off-set and scaling fault can be easily isolated with explicit off-set...
The identification of faults in control loops is sometimes a very difficult procedure, but even if it has been achieved, one very important topic will often be unsolved in the presence of plant-wide faults. This topic is the analysis of fault propagation. Via fault propagation analysis it is possible to determine which control loop is either the source of fault or at least nearest to the unmeasured...
Leaks are present to some extent in all water-distribution systems. This paper proposes a leakage localization method based on pressure measurements and the application of principal component analysis to the fault diagnosis in water distribution systems. First, some theoretical basics are introduced, from model building and modeling the fault effects to monitoring. Then a simple hydraulic case study...
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