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This paper puts forward an alternative method which deals with the simulation and estimation of urban traffic network. The method is based on Cell Transmission Model (CTM), a macroscopic model for freeway traffic modeling. Some modifications on basic CTM are made to meet the requirement of urban traffic modeling. In order to test the performance of this model, a small virtual traffic network is set...
The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that, worldwide, three million people die annually due to the effects of air pollution. This represents a tripling of deaths per year result from automobile accidents. With the increasing technological advancement becomes very important to monitor levels of air pollutants. Thus, in the Japanese city of Kyoto, was established called the Kyoto Protocol effectively...
We extend a `surrogate problem' approach that is developed for a class of stochastic discrete optimization problems so as to tackle the global signal settings and traffic assignment combined problem. We compare a stochastic method based on the surrogate approach, called Surrogate Method (SM), with a Projected Gradient Algorithm (PGA), which uses the Armijo rule for the step size estimation routine...
Increasing transportation network capacity is very important, particularly in congested traffic condition. In certain conditions, providing left turn green time could reduce intersection capacity because of: a) larger lost time due to added phase, and b) shorter green time for the through traffic movements. In this study, we will compare the effects of three ITS-based left turn policies on the performance...
In this contribution four different far infrared sensor setups with different optical configurations are evaluated based on their performance for pedestrian detection. The focus of the measurements is on the impact of resolution and sensitivity on the detection performance. To overcome the expensive and time consuming process of ground truth generation for multiple sensors, an approach for reusing...
This paper studies a common traffic problem in China: a large number of bus lines share the same stop. In rush hours, a long queue of buses waiting to get into the stop, which causes a rise of bus delay and a drop of traffic capacity nearby. First, a cellular automaton model is proposed to simulate such traffic scenarios. Second, to re-designing such busy bus stops to enhance efficiency, some principles...
China economy rapidly developed in recent years. Beijing is the representative large city with preferable construction of urban public transport system in China. Therefore, it has important practical significance to research the influential action of urban public traffic modes in Beijing public transport system. On the basis of the four factors- safety factor, convenience factor, comfort factor and...
In this paper we review the concept of Ambient Intelligence (AmI) and investigate its inherent technological services in the light of potential applications to ITS-related scenarios. Albeit AmI and ITS may seem to overlap in many aspects, they are indeed different and their true synergetic and mutual benefits have not been fully explored nor exploited. Therefore, coupling these two emerging fields...
As one of the many techniques used in modeling traffic processes and systems, Petri Nets are recognized as a tool for modeling in traffic signal control. In this paper, ring-barrier traffic signal control structure is modeled using Petri Nets. Colored Timed Stochastic Petri Nets is used in this paper to provide additional modeling capabilities. The proposed model incorporates all the main features...
Traffic signals are the main devices for controlling traffic to guarantee the safe crossing of opposing streams of vehicles and pedestrians. In this study, a simple cycle and split optimization method is developed for isolated intersections. The split optimization is based on the notion of minimizing delay per cycle while cycle length is adjusted according to the residual queues at the end of the...
This paper presents a networking platform which provides real-time monitoring and rule-based control of transport fleets and transferred goods. Special emphasis is given in providing tools and services to fleet administrators, which, among others, comprise an object oriented rule detection mechanism based on the occurrence of predefined events which are fully configurable and are considered important...
Cost issues have been an important concern in the development of Personal Rapid Transit (PRT) since the concept was developed several decades ago. The lightweight, computer-guided electric vehicles operating the PRT system are generally a major part of the capital cost of the system, especially in larger network with high demand. A sufficient number of empty vehicles are needed to be moved to the...
Understanding and predicting human mobility is a crucial component of transportation planning and management. In this paper we propose a new model to predict the location of a person over time based on individual and collective behaviors. The model is based on the person's past trajectory and the geographical features of the area where the collectivity moves, both in terms of land use, points of interests...
Transportation mode inference is an important research direction and has many applications. Existing methods are usually based on fine-grained sampling - collecting position data from mobile devices at high frequency. These methods can achieve high accuracy, but also incur cost and complexity in terms of the computational resource and system implementation. Finally, fine-grained sampling is not always...
Increasing traffic congestion is a major problem in urban areas, which incurs heavy economic and environmental costs in both developing and developed countries. Efficient urban traffic control (UTC) can help reduce traffic congestion. However, the increasing volume and the dynamic nature of urban traffic pose particular challenges to UTC. Reinforcement Learning (RL) has been shown to be a promising...
Simulation modeling is an increasingly popular and effective tool for analyzing transportation problems that are not amendable to study by other means. For any simulation study, model calibration and validation is a crucial step to obtaining any results from analysis. This paper proposed a systematic, practical procedure for microscopic simulation model calibration and validation. The validity of...
Time series of travel speed on multilane freeways are considered complex and irregular particularly when addressing the variability across lanes. Literature shows evidence of interactions between speed variability and traffic mix and inclement weather, without extending these results to addressing speed predictability across lanes. We propose the development of a Bayesian system of equations in order...
This paper deals with a dial-a-ride problem with time windows applied to a demand responsive transport service. An evolutionary approach as well as new original representation and variation operators are proposed and detailed. Such mechanisms are used with three state-of-the-art multi-objective evolutionary algorithms: NSGA-II, IBEA and SPEA2. After introducing the general problem, the solution encoding...
Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) has proven to be a very powerful optimization heuristic for combinatorial optimization problems. This paper introduces a new type of ACO algorithm that will be used for routing along multiple routes in a network as opposed to optimizing a single route. Contrary to traditional routing algorithms, the Ant Dispersion Routing (ADR) algorithm has the objective of determining...
Service reliability is one of the main measures of performance determining transit system level of service. Holding control strategies are a common transit operations practice aimed to reduce transit service unreliability by setting criteria for departure from time point stops. In order to adequately analyze the sources of uncertainty involved with transit performance, it is essential to model dynamically...
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