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We developed a high speed, low power optical interconnect system using a high efficiency 1060 nm VCSEL. Clear eye diagrams are recorded at 10 Gbps with lower than 2 mA bias and 150 mVp-p modulation voltage.
Recent developments on InP- and GaSb-based high-speed and tunable singlemode VCSELs in the 1.3-2.6 μm wavelength range are presented. The relevant laser parameters are discussed and several applications in communications and trace-gas-sensing are illustrated.
All-epitaxial oxide-free vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs) are demonstrated. 4-µm-diameter VCSEL is shown with threshold current of 350 µA, slope efficiency of 0.77 W/A, wall-plug efficiency of 21% and output power of 6.3 mW.
A novel edge-emitting Bragg reflection waveguide laser with a low index core is demonstrated. Single transverse mode operation is observed with typical thresholds below 250 A/cm2 and propagation losses of 11.4 cm−1.
The uncooled 25-Gbit/s direct modulation of a 1.3-μm horizontal-cavity surface-emitting laser was demonstrated. A fabricated laser, which is directly mountable on a high-frequency coplanar line, exhibited 25-Gbit/s eye openings up to 100°C.
A technique for direct detection of the phase of optical signals using an injection-locked VCSEL is presented. Conversion of the phase modulation to modulation of the voltage across the VCSEL is experimentally demonstrated.
First-known demonstration of an uncooled, free-running 1550 nm VCSEL at 10.7 Gb/s over 50 km PON uplink with 35 km SMF and 15 km inverse dispersion fiber, achieving 24 dB margin for 10−9 BER.
Proton-implanted 850-nm photonic crystal vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers are fabricated and characterized. Strong and more stable index guiding is introduced, resulting in planar lasers with generally decreased threshold current and increased slope efficiency.
A compact CO2 and H2O laser spectroscopy sensor based on cost-efficient vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers for safety and air-quality applications is presented. It implements inherent wavelength calibration to achieve self-monitored and calibration-free operation during sensor lifetime.
We demonstrate a wavelength division multiplexed passive optical network scheme utilizing long wavelength VCSELs under orthogonally polarized optical injection. Robustness to optical feedback for both upstream and downstream data is shown.
We propose a new multi-wavelength High Contrast Grating VCSEL array, with an ultrabroad spectral range. The simple fabrication flow of this array is fully epitaxy compatible and requires no extra steps beyond a single-VCSEL process.
We demonstrate a wireless, portable CO2 sensor based on laser absorption spectroscopy. Allan variance for long run tests yielded Gaussian noise limited operation up to 100 seconds with ultimate minimum detection limit of 5.1×10-7.
We present a new type of subwavelength grating, which provides ultrahigh reflectivity when embedded in a high refractive index medium. It is therefore an ideal candidate to replace the bulky bottom DBR reflectors in VCSELs.
We report the compact integration of high-power 780-nm VCSEL arrays with a microfluidic channel to create an optofluidic microchip. Characterization of the microchip using a near-infrared fluorescent dye yields a detection limit of 10 µM.
We demonstrate a 25 Gb/s error-free operation of a directly modulated holey VCSEL, and the data rate can be extended to above 30 Gb/s when the VCSEL substrate temperature is stabilized by a thermoelectric cooler.
We report near-temperature-insensitive, highly linear oxide-confined directly modulated 850 nm-range VCSEL chips and fiber-coupled subassemblies operating up to 40 Gbit/s at < 10 kA/cm2 with a rise-time < 10 ps at up to 100°C.
We present 1.55 μm BTJ Short-Cavity VCSELs with modulation bandwidths in excess of 17 GHz. As shown by impedance measurements and impedance modeling, this excellent performance can be attributed to an improved parasitic roll-off frequency of 23 GHz.
A 6.6× enhancement in surface sensitivity of DFB laser biosensors is demonstrated by a device incorporating a porous titanium dioxide nanorod layer on the sensor surface, while a Q-factor of over 25, 000 is maintained.
Coupling properties of vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL) arrays are analyzed using a new stochastic coupled mode theory. Comparisons between theory and experiment reveal important details about the coupling and coherence of VCSEL arrays.
We demonstrate a wafer fused mode-locked optically-pumped semiconductor disk laser operating at 1.3 μm spectral range. Both the gain mirror and the SESAM incorporate InP-based active region wafer fused with GaAs/AlGaAs distributed Bragg reflector.
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