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HeartLander is a small, mobile robot designed to assist with surgical procedures on the surface of the heart. It crawls within the pericardial sac surrounding the heart. The friction forces HeartLander experiences from the pericardium and the heartbeat reduce locomotion efficiency. We have developed an algorithm that creates a plan for reaching a set of treatment targets, while minimizing the time...
With the rapidly growing means of neuronal signal recording, it is very important to perform suitable processing to infer meaningful conclusions. The signals recorded from surface of the S1 brain cortex using brain-chip interface are noisy and prone to stimulus artifact, thus noise characterization and artifact removal are required to obtain a clean signal. Here we present an easy way to process these...
This paper reports a new method to induce osteogenic differentiation of human embryonic stem cells (hESCs). Singly dissociated hESCs treated with ROCK inhibitor Y27632 were plated on type I fibrillar collagen (FC) coatings and achieved a high rate of survival. After culturing in osteogenic medium for 10 d, several cell colonies developed on the coatings. Cells forming the colonies showed homogenous,...
A skin patch composed of an electrospun nanofibrous membrane of a highly hygroscopic polymer, encasing a reversibly packaged antigen and adjuvant cocktail, promises a practical alternative to the current vaccine strategy. The proposed system would utilize the high density of antigen presenting (APC) cells found within the layers of human skin to elicit a vast adaptive immune response. The amount of...
The current vaccination paradigm for the prevention of anthrax is insufficient to deal with a potential, widespread epidemic. To solve this issue, we propose a self-administrable vaccine patch capable of delivering the antigen of interest into the skin. This patch is comprised of solid-state nanofibers containing encapsulated protective antigen (PA), a binding protein secreted by Bacillus anthracis...
We demonstrate a simple method to make high-resolution P-selectin patterns based on microcontact printing for controlling cell rolling. SEM characterization revealed well-defined patterns that could direct the trajectories of rolling HL60 cells along the edges. Cell tracking revealed that velocities of rolling cells were higher at the edges as compared to plain P-selectin regions, with a maximum at...
The purpose of this study is to develop biodegradable nerve guidance conduits seeded with Schwann cells (SC) using chitosan-based biopolymers for improving nerve regeneration. Chitosan, prepared from alkaline hydrolysis of chitin, is a natural polysaccharide biopolymer, having biocompatibility and biodegradability. In this study, chitosan and chitosan-gelatin membranes were prepared, characterized,...
Surfaces grafted with poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) are known to resist protein adsorption. Research efforts in this field have focused on both developing surfaces with better resistance to protein adsorption and understanding the origin of resistance of PEO grafted surfaces to protein adsorption. In the first part of this contribution, we describe a novel quantification technique for extremely low protein...
Despite the prevalence of microfluidic-based heterogeneous immunoassays, there is incomplete understanding of analyte capture parameters. This study presents computational results and corresponding experimental binding assays of analyte capture. Our results identify: 1) a ??reagent-limited?? regime, under constraints of finite sample volume and assay time; 2) a critical flow rate; 3) an increase in...
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