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This work addresses off-line accurate trajectory reconstruction for air traffic control. We propose the use of specific dynamic models after identification of regular motion patterns. Datasets recorded from opportunity traffic are first segmented in motion segments, based on the mode probabilities of an IMM filter. Then, reconstruction is applied with an optimal smoothing filter operating forward...
An new object oriented development suite for data fusion is presented. It is shown how the various issues in the data fusion development like design, implementation, simulation and testing are realised and automated by this development suite. This allows the realisation of high sophisticated data fusion systems as applied in numerous civil and defence areas, like air traffic or satellite orbit control,...
Information fusion is a key factor for insuring information superiority in various military and civil surveillance systems. Military applications may be found in air defence, force and convoy protection, and combat management systems for naval ships. Coastal and urban surveillance, air traffic control, and Harbour protection address more civil areas. A new aspect in all these applications is the issue...
The exploitation of bistatic Doppler measurements for multistatic tracking is considered. It is found through simulation, that, while the velocity estimation of the standard extended Kalman filter is improved in monostotic situations and multistatic situations where measurement errors are small, a degradation in performance is observed in multistatic situations where the measurement errors are realistically...
This paper describes a generalization of Murty's algorithm generating ranked solutions for classical assignment problems. The generalization extends the domain to a general class of zero-one integer linear programming problems that can be used to solve multi-frame data association problems for track-oriented multiple hypothesis tracking (MHT). The generalized Murty's algorithm mostly follows the steps...
Probabilistic multi-hypothesis tracking (PMHT) is an algorithm for tracking multiple targets when measurement-to- target assignments are unknown and must be jointly estimated with the target tracks. Multi-frame assignment PMHT (MF- PMHT) is an algorithm designed to mitigate some performance problems associated with PMHT. In MF-PMHT, the PMHT algorithm is applied to multi-frame sequences in the last...
This paper is concerned with performance prediction of multiple target tracking system. Effects of misassociation are considered in a simple (linear) framework so as to provide closed-form expressions of the probability of correct association. In this paper, we focus on the development of explicit approximations of this probability for a unique false measurements. Rigorous calculations allow us to...
Bayesian networks (BNs) represent joint space probabilities compactly and enable one to carry out efficient inferencing. Although the Dempster-Shafer (DS) belief theoretic framework captures a wider class of imperfections, its utility in such graphical models is limited. This is mainly due to the requirement of having to maintain a basic probability assignment (BPA) for the whole power set of propositions...
Dynamic classifier selection has traditionally focused on selecting the most accurate classifier to predict the class of a particular test pattern. In this paper we propose a new dynamic selection method to select, from a population of ensembles, the most confident ensemble of classifiers to label the test sample. Such a level of confidence is measured by calculating the ambiguity of the ensemble...
Prior to committing personnel to investigate a building or suspicious site such as a cave, it is imperative to determine the importance and current danger of the site. To this end, sensors on a robotic platform can interrogate the site prior to sending in personnel. This paper investigates methods to exploit multiple sensor modalities in order to automatically 1) detect human presence, and 2) detect...
Multiple ground targets tracking with a GMTI (ground moving target indicator) sensor is considered a challenging problem in order to establish battlefield assessment. An IMM algorithm with a variable structure is adapted to the road network and used to track multiple manoeuvring ground targets. However, the case of undetected targets due to terrain elevation or Doppler obscuration was not taken into...
Decentralized multisensor-multitarget tracking has numerous advantages over single-sensor or single-platform tracking. In this paper, we present a solution to one of the main problems of decentralized tracking, namely, distributed information transfer and fusion among the participating platforms. This paper presents a hierarchial multi-level decision mechanism for collaborative distributed data fusion...
We consider the problem of state estimation for a dynamic system driven by unobserved, correlated inputs. We model these inputs via an uncertain set of temporally correlated dynamic models, where this uncertainty includes the number of modes, their associated statistics, and the rate of mode transitions. The dynamic system is formulated via two interacting graphs: a hidden Markov model (HMM) and a...
Geolocation with three or more unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) based on time-difference-of-arrivals (TDOA) is possible but has implementation problems including UAV trajectory optimization, measurement association, and communication bandwidth limitations. The complexity of each of these problems is manageable with a simpler system of two netted UAVs that processes multiple TDOA measurements collected...
Shape-based image retrieval techniques are among the most successful content-based image retrieval (CBIR) approaches. In recent years, the number of shape-based image retrieval techniques has dramatically increased; however, each technique has both advantages and shortcomings. This paper proposes a consensus-based fusion algorithm to integrate several shape-based image retrieval techniques so as to...
The question tackled here is the time allocation of radars in a multitarget environment. At a given time radars can only observe a limited part of the space; it is therefore necessary to move their axis with respect to time, in order to be able to explore the overall space facing them. Such sensors are used to detect, to locate and to identify targets which are in their surrounding aerial space. In...
The primary goal of this effort is to establish an approach for determining the trustworthiness of a datum element produced from one or more sources. This discussion develops the notion of Trustworthiness as a measurement of corroboration derived by assessing the level of conformity to existing beliefs. A technique is proposed for combining trustworthiness of sources and specific datum elements.
A cooperative team's performance strongly depends on the view that the team has of the environment in which it operates. In a team with many autonomous vehicles and many sensors, there is a large volume of information available from which to create that view. However, typically communication bandwidth limitations prevent all sensor readings being shared with all other team members. This paper presents...
We present and discuss a mixed conjunctive and disjunctive rule, a generalization of conflict repartition rules, and a combination of these two rules. In the belief functions theory one of the major problem is the conflict repartition enlightened by the famous Zadeh's example. To date, many combination rules have been proposed in order to solve a solution to this problem. Moreover, it can be important...
The problem of tracking objects moving in Cartesian space with sensors delivering polar measurements has been under investigation of several researchers for quite some time now. Different proposals for using measurement conversion techniques in combination with a linear Kalman filter have been made in order to reduce the range bias that shows up in the filter estimates when a Cartesian pseudo-measurement...
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