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Transmission lines are subject to internal and external faults. The internal faults are rapidly cleared leaving the power system in an un-faulted condition. However, they cause an imbalance between the generators' mechanical input and electrical output producing external faults that in turn separate the power system into imbalanced load and generation islands and consequently result in blackouts.
This paper discusses various applications where VFT technology can be used as a tie between power system control areas. Its use to facilitate connections between synchronous and asynchronous systems is discussed along with its general operational characteristics in these applications. The VFT's ability to be used as a tool for fulfilling various operational objectives, such as providing loads access...
This paper describes an IEEE Special Publication. It was prepared for a Panel session on power system planning and FACTS applications. The special publication discusses system planning issues and requirements for applications of FACTS controllers into electric transmission networks. It lists applications and discusses differences between traditional equipment and FACTS controllers. Characteristics...
Low frequency oscillation is becoming a serious bottleneck limiting power system stability enhancement, especially in the conditions of interconnections of regional networks. Because of the global properties, most of the units are involved in this problem. The controllers of these devices must be designed coordinately. In this paper, an optimal controller design approach is proposed for the applications...
The problem of finding out which positions are the most effective and how many flexible AC transmission system (FACTS) devices have to be installed and controlled in a deregulated environment on economic basis is a question of great significance for the dispatcher. This paper presents a flexible approach based in practical reasoning rules from fuzzy logic theory capable of governing multiple static...
In emerging electric power systems, increased transactions often lead to situations where system no longer remains in the secure operating region. The flexible AC transmission system (FACTS) controllers can play an important role in the power system security enhancement. However, due to high capital investment, it is necessary to locate these controllers optimally in the power system. In this paper,...
Within the deregulated electricity markets of today a major issue for the Independent System Operator (ISO) is to deal effectively with congestion management. This paper provides an investigation into the benefit of the Unified Power Flow Controller (UPFC) as a viable solution to the problem of congestion management. Many deregulated electricity markets now operate in a bilateral manner, and carry...
The voltage source converter based high voltage direct current (VSC-HVDC) technology has attracted much attention in recent years for its beneficial characteristics. The VSC-HVDC system is sensitive to voltage unbalance. However, voltage unbalance may occur in the three-phase power system frequently, due to unbalanced power supply, unbalanced loads and faults in AC system. It may require that the...
This paper develops an optimal procedure for optimal control co-ordination of controllers of power system stabilizers (PSSs) and FACTS devices for improving small- disturbance stability, particularly the stability of inter-area modes, in multi-machine power systems. The control coordination problem is formulated as a constrained optimization by which the objective function formed from selected eigenvalues...
High voltage DC transmission using voltage source converters is a quite new technology for the interconnection of offshore wind farms. It facilitates variable frequency operation in the wind farm grid, which can be used for improving the performance of the wind turbines. In this paper a new approach for the coordinated control of voltage source converter based HVDC and wind turbines equipped with...
Operation of today's very large scale and interconnected electric power systems depends critically on the devices that facilitate management of power flow on the grid. These devices can be based on passive components such as capacitor and inductor, or rely on the solid state power electronics technology to achieve much faster control bandwidth. Widely known as FACTS (Flexible AC Transmission system)...
This paper presents the steady-state and transient stability simulation of a power system with a pulse width modulated (PWM) AC link series compensator (PWMSC). Such device is included into the Newton-Raphson formulation. Results of transient stability simulations are exposed, showing the applicability of the device for such purposes.
In this paper, multi-objective particle swarm optimization (MOPSO) algorithm is used to find the optimal location of thyristor controlled series compensator (TCSC) and its parameter in order to increase total transfer capability (TTC), reduce total transmission losses and reduce voltage deviation. This multi-objective optimization problem is solved by using the MOPSO with sigma method and encouraging...
The use of interline power flow controller (IPFC) for maximizing voltage-stability limited power transfer and damping power swings is investigated. An IPFC consist of two voltage-sourced converters inserted in series in transmission lines, whose DC capacitors are coupled. This paper discusses the regulation modes of an IPFC and its control strategies at rated capacity. The rated-capacity operation...
This panel paper addresses applications of intelligent techniques on flexible AC transmission system (FACTS) devices in terms of steady state and transient improvement of power systems. Taking advantages of the FACTS devices depends greatly on how these devices are placed in the power system, namely on their location and size. In a practical power system, allocation of the devices depends on a comprehensive...
This paper presents a comparison of FACTS devices for static voltage stability study. Various performance measures including PV curves, voltage profiles, and power losses are compared under normal and contingency conditions. Placement and sizing techniques of series FACTS devices and UPFC are proposed for loading margin enhancement. The paper provides a guide for utilities to have an appropriate choice...
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