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In recent years, many kinds of dispersed generations (DGs) have been introduced to distribution networks. The number of these DGs is expected to increase in the near future. In the present distribution network situation, the magnitude of voltage drops can be predicted to some extent because the directions of power flows are always one way from generators to loads. However, when DGs are connected in...
The nonactive-power-related ancillary services provided by distributed energy (DE) resources are categorized by voltage regulation, reactive power compensation, power factor correction, voltage and/or current unbalance compensation, and harmonics compensation. An instantaneous nonactive power theory is adopted to control the DE system to provide these ancillary services. Three control schemes, including...
The motivation to develop microgrids, as a particular form of active networks is explained and presented as an effective solution for the control of grids with high levels of distibuted energy resources. The operation, more in particular the voltage and frequency control, is discussed. Control concepts useful with microgrids are detailed and implemented. Besides technical control aspects, also economical...
This paper presents a natural adaptive observers- based estimation unit for robust grid-voltage sensorless control characteristics in inverter-based distributed generation (DG) units. First, a rigorous discrete-time model of a current- controlled inverter-based DG unit, including the calculation delay and the nature of the pulse-width-modulation (PWM) as a zero-order-hold, is presented. Second, a...
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