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Summary form only given. To ionize moderate atomic number plasmas such as iron into the K-shell, rapid plasma heating rates are required. When a plasma shell is imploded, this heating ideally occurs when the accumulated implosion kinetic energy is suddenly thermalized on axis. In the earlier investigation of this process, aluminum was employed to calculate how efficiently the kinetic energy of implosion...
Summary form only given. Heating of solid targets with intense particle beams allows the creation of high density plasmas. Laser produced proton beams are well suited for generation of such plasmas due to the high intensity and short pulse length. In case of isochoric heating the energy is deposited so fast, that plasma can not expand during the deposition time. The entire energy is utilized for the...
Summary form only given. Neon and argon were used as load gas for the Z-pinch experiments on the "yang" accelerator at IFP. And different sets of nozzles were tried out. An ultrafast multi-frame soft X-ray CCD camera was used in these experiments, which can get 10 frames with 10 ns time interval of pinch process at each pinch experiment. Time-integral X-ray pinhole camera and visible streak...
Summary form only given. The 1 MA Zebra generator has been used to generate plasmas from aluminum wires configured as an X-pinch. X-pinch plasmas are characterized by high-brightness, highly localized emission of >1 keV X-rays. These X-pinch experiments used three different wire types: pure aluminum, an aluminum-magnesium alloy, and pure aluminum coated with magnesium bands. The Mg bands were positioned...
Summary form only given. For realizing extreme ultraviolet (EUV) lithography, a debris-free EUV source with collectable radiation power of about 115 W and repetition rates exceeding 7-10 kHz will be required. Discharge produced plasma is one of the promising radiation source for achieving the required parameters. However, it has a problem of debris generation, which is due to the melting and evaporation...
Summary form only given. A new generation of materials experiments at high pressures-densities-temperatures is now possible due to a variety of high energy density (HED) facilities and new compression techniques. These facilities will be used over the next decade to measure equation of state and transport properties of materials at multi-gigabar pressure and over 10 fold compression. I will describe...
Summary form only given. An experimental campaign to study radiation drive in small-scale halfraums has been carried out using the first four beams of the National Ignition Facility (NIF) at the Lawerence Livermore National Laboratory (Livermore, CA). The targets fill with plasma so quickly that, late in time, most of the laser energy is deposited at the laser entrance hole. Experiments have shown...
Summary form only given. Stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) instability has been experimentally investigated in small-scale halfraums irradiated by intense laser pulses at 10 TW power. The driver energy was delivered by the OMEGA laser (LLE, Rochester) in 1 ns pulses, and deposited in a hot, under-dense Au plasma. The laser energy deposition shifts at later times outside the laser entrance hole (LEH)...
Summary form only given. During conventional plasma ion implantation, the plasmas are generated uniformly in the vacuum chamber and then the target to be treated is negatively biased. Consequently, all the exposed surfaces are implanted simultaneously. In this paper, a novel plasma ion implantation technique referred to as local source plasma ion implantation is presented. The plasma is produced only...
Summary form only given. Vacuum arcs are typically used to form metal plasmas that are nearly 100% ionized, which can then be used to create various types of coatings. The difficulty in forming coatings using an arc plasma is that these devices are also prodigious sources of "macro-particles", or micrometer-sized molten droplets of cathode material that emanate from the arc at high velocity...
Summary form only given. Hollow cathode glow discharge has been investigated and utilized in plasma ion implantation. In this mode, local plasma ion implantation can be performed. The hollow cathode glow discharge is sustained by a radio-frequency source and the discharge behavior is investigated in this work. Argon and nitrogen are utilized in the experiments. The inner diameter of the hollow cathode...
Summary form only given. A new method of ion implantation and plasma coating has been tested to achieve a surface modification of a dielectric thin material which is not suited for plasma based ion implantation (PBII) method. A capacitor of 500 nF charged up to 10 kV was discharged into a 3 cm wide, single-turn coil which surrounds a glass tube of 20 mm O.D. and 16.6 mm I.D. The coil current having...
Summary form only given. Negative ions in plasmas are much attractive species in material processing, such as ion implantation, CVD and etching in ULSI fabrications. This is because the negative ion has a great potential of charge-up free and low damage fabrication processes which become more important as the cell size is shrinking in ULSI. However, no effective negative ion plasma source has been...
Summary form only given. Atmospheric pressure air dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) was used for remote treatment of bacteria. The DBD system consists of two water-cooled Al electrodes (75 mm in diameter), attached to dielectric (Al2O3) plates 115 mm times 115 mm times 1 mm with a thermal conducting paste. Operating frequency was fixed to 3.4 kHz, and the interelectrode gap was set to 3.6 mm. The...
Summary form only given. Recently, the dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) plasma at atmospheric pressure has become higher and higher with its ever-increasing applications to material processing. The DBD plasma source at an improved quasi-stable atmospheric pressure is achieved when discharge voltage, discharge current, and gap between the electrodes are carefully controlled. In this paper, this plasma...
Summary form only given. We have investigated the non thermal resistive barrier gas discharge at atmospheric pressure for low temperature sterilization purposes. We have carried out electrical, chemical, optical, and biological studies on the discharge, with the intent of identifying the chemically and biologically active species produced. We have also demonstrated that effective decontamination can...
Summary form only given. Nickel-titanium shape memory alloys (NiTi SMA) are potential orthopedic materials due to their super-elastic properties and shape memory effects. However, there are health and safety concerns with regard to the leakage of harmful Ni ions from the surface during prolonged use inside human beings. To mitigate this effect, we modified the alloy surface by plasma implantation...
Summary form only given. There is an increasing interest on the development of antibacterial medical polymers in the biomedical industry. Most of antibacterial polymers are made by addition of antibacterial materials generally containing Ag+, but inside humans, these antibacterial polymers may pose health hazards and so alternative polymeric materials must be developed. In this work, plasma immersion...
Summary form only given. Amorphous carbon or diamond-like carbon (DLC) films have attracted much attention recently due to their good biocompatibility and have been proposed for use in blood contacting medical devices. The behavior of cultured cells is a good indicator of the surface biocompatibility and biological responses. In this study, amorphous hydrogenated carbon films were produced and a series...
Summary form only given. The dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) is characterized by the presence of at least one insulating layer in contact with the discharge between two planar or cylindrical electrodes connected to an AC power supply. The main advantage of this type of electrical discharge is that non-equilibrium plasma conditions in atmospheric-pressure gases can be maintained in an economic and...
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