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Dual polarization weather radars have brought in significant advancement to precipitation observation, as rainfall rate estimation, microphysical characterization, and hydrometeor classification. The improvements have been mostly demonstrated at S-band frequency where attenuation effects are usually negligible. In Europe C-band is largely adopted in operational and research radars because of larger...
Assessments on the performance of dual-frequency (13.6/35.5 GHz) precipitation radar (DPR) rain retrieval techniques are performed through simple vertical rain profiles synthesized with arbitrarily defined and disdrometer-measured raindrop size distribution (DSD) data. A DPR inversion technique (DPR-IT) with the estimates of differential attenuation (DA), which used to resolve the path-integrated...
A number of the major human infectious diseases (like malaria and dengue) and Desert Locusts that still plague the developing world are sensitive to inter-seasonal and inter-decadal changes in environment and climate. Monitoring variations in environmental conditions such as rainfall and vegetation helps decision-makers at Ministries of Agriculture and Ministries of Health to assess the risk levels...
Many dual-frequency DSD retrieval algorithms have been proposed for space-borne radars. A self-consistent backward iterative algorithm, based on non-Rayleigh scattering has been studied recently[1][2][3]. This algorithm is based on a certain DSD model of rain, for which the attenuation caused by the ice or mixed-phase particles should be extracted accurately. Any error in the attenuation correction...
There are now many S- and C-band weather radars around the world that are either dual polarized or soon will be. The most common polarization basis is horizontal and vertical. Dual polarization is accomplished via fast alternate transmission of horizontal and vertical polarization or simultaneous horizontal and vertical polarization transmission. In either case, such radars can measure copolar differential...
Characterization of rain microphysics requires information on raindrop size distributions (DSDs). DSD measurements and retrievals, however, contain errors. In this paper, data from side-by-side disdrometer comparisons are presented to provide information that is not possible from single disdrometer measurements alone, allowing error effects to be quantified and a rain DSD model for radar retrieval...
The forecasting of disaster weather, especially intensive convective weather, is becoming increasingly important. Recent evidence has indicated that the intensive precipitation in the Changjiang River Basin and the south-west region of China is closely related to the activity of Mesoscale Convective Systems (MCS), which move out of the Tibetan Plateau in China. To date, however, the mechanism of MCS...
Based on 1961-2003 NCEP/NCAR reanalysis treated with EOF, wavelet and cross wavelet techniques we investigate different space patterns of July-September precipitation over Fujian in relation to summer monsoon over the NW Pacific and Indian Ocean at a range of time scales. Results show that 1) the uniform rainfall all over the province and opposite distribution of precipitation in the SE to the NW...
In recent investigations into the response of native grasslands to global environmental changes, rainfall variability has been offered as a key factor for explaining ecosystem structure and function. In particular, changes in the temporal patterns of precipitation were shown to alter critical aspects of the carbon cycle. To understand the impact of rainfall variability in grasslands, an understanding...
Soil, vegetation and rainfall are the main factors controlled the watershed hydrological process. In order to examine the effects of high-cold vegetation on the soil hydrologic process in high-cold area of the source region of Yellow River, two small basins (Kurewaermna River and Natong River catchenment) with different degenerate degrees were selected as paired catchments. The self-made artificial...
This research integrated the RMsed Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE) model with RS and GIS techniques to quantify soil erosion risk, took upper Chaobai River basin, China as an example to map soil erosion within ArcGIS environment by using the RUSLE model. The RUSLE factors were developed from local rainfall, topographic, soil classification and land use data. This study proved that the integration...
The spatial relationship between vegetation patterns and climatic variables and its trend over the period 1985-2001 in the shrubland, grassland, and cropland of Middle Kazakhstan was investigated with normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) images (1985-2000) derived from the Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR), and climate records from weather stations located in the study area...
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