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The following topics are dealt: time-frequency analysis; functional magnetic resonance imaging; cancer drug delivery; glucose sensor and diabetics control; neural computing; EEG; biomechanics; biomedical information network; health care environment; optical coherence tomography; medical diagnostics device; image-guided surgery; radiation therapy; laparoscopy; circadian rhythms; rehabilitation techniques;...
Maintaining intracranial pressure (ICP) below 20-25 mmHg is an important clinical goal in the treatment of patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI). It is well known that the partial pressure of arterial CO2 (PaCO2) can affect cerebral blood flow, cerebral blood volume, and therefore ICP. The end-tidal CO2 (ETCO2) is usually monitored by clinicians as a proxy for PaCO2. We show examples where subclinical...
Maintaining intracranial pressure (ICP) below 20-25 mmHg is an important clinical goal in the treatment of patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI). It is well known that the partial pressure of arterial CO2 (PaCO2) can affect cerebral blood flow, cerebral blood volume, and therefore ICP. The end-tidal CO2 (ETCO2) is usually monitored by clinicians as a proxy for PaCO2. We show examples where subclinical...
The paired-stimuli paradigms were used to study cross-modal neural interactions between the visual and auditory systems in human. It was found that the primary visual cortex was actively involved in the 'illusory double-flash' phenomenon. The similar paradigms were used to study the influence of MR scanner noise on human visual activities from the perspective of neural interaction. The results reveal...
The paired-stimuli paradigms were used to study cross-modal neural interactions between the visual and auditory systems in human. It was found that the primary visual cortex was actively involved in the 'illusory double-flash' phenomenon. The similar paradigms were used to study the influence of MR scanner noise on human visual activities from the perspective of neural interaction. The results reveal...
The use of multiple small receive coils has several advantages over a single larger (e.g. birdcage) coil. With an array of small receive coils, image signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) can be optimized throughout the field-of-view and the image acquisition process can be accelerated by use of parallel imaging (PI) techniques. In an accelerated PI experiment, data are undersampled during acquisition. Subsequently,...
The use of multiple small receive coils has several advantages over a single larger (e.g. birdcage) coil. With an array of small receive coils, image signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) can be optimized throughout the field-of-view and the image acquisition process can be accelerated by use of parallel imaging (PI) techniques. In an accelerated PI experiment, data are undersampled during acquisition. Subsequently,...
High-resolution functional magnetic resonance imaging (hi-res fMRI) promises to bridge the gap between the macro- and the microview of brain function afforded by conventional neuroimaging and invasive cell recording, respectively. Hi-res fMRI (nominal voxel sizes les(2 mm) 3) is robustly achievable in human studies today using widely available clinical 3-Tesla scanners. However, the neuroscientific...
High-resolution functional magnetic resonance imaging (hi-res fMRI) promises to bridge the gap between the macro- and the microview of brain function afforded by conventional neuroimaging and invasive cell recording, respectively. Hi-res fMRI (nominal voxel sizes les(2 mm) 3) is robustly achievable in human studies today using widely available clinical 3-Tesla scanners. However, the neuroscientific...
In functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), the cerebral blood volume (CBV) based approach with exogenous contrast agent has been found to have better spatial specificity than the widely applied blood oxygenation level-dependent (BOLD) method. Recently, an endogenous CBV-based contrast, vascular space occupancy-dependent (VASO) technique, was developed for human research. However, the spatial...
In functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), the cerebral blood volume (CBV) based approach with exogenous contrast agent has been found to have better spatial specificity than the widely applied blood oxygenation level-dependent (BOLD) method. Recently, an endogenous CBV-based contrast, vascular space occupancy-dependent (VASO) technique, was developed for human research. However, the spatial...
We describe a two-frequency diffuse optical tomographic (DOT) imaging and EEG recording system suitable for the study of real-time hemodynamic and neural activities in freely moving rats. The system uses a bundle of 16 optical fibers that both deliver light and capture its reemission. This bundle runs in parallel with a cable carrying EEG signals from 16 microelectrodes. Both data collection arrays...
We describe a two-frequency diffuse optical tomographic (DOT) imaging and EEG recording system suitable for the study of real-time hemodynamic and neural activities in freely moving rats. The system uses a bundle of 16 optical fibers that both deliver light and capture its reemission. This bundle runs in parallel with a cable carrying EEG signals from 16 microelectrodes. Both data collection arrays...
The technique of blood oxygenation level dependent (BOLD) functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) was used to provide a spatial-temporal mapping of nociceptive activation in brain. We contrived to obtain an illustration of the pain related regions by injecting formalin at the hindpaw using a 4.7 T MR system in alpha-chloralose anesthetized rats. In order to obtain the pain response, we avoided...
The technique of blood oxygenation level dependent (BOLD) functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) was used to provide a spatial-temporal mapping of nociceptive activation in brain. We contrived to obtain an illustration of the pain related regions by injecting formalin at the hindpaw using a 4.7 T MR system in α-chloralose anesthetized rats. In order to obtain the pain response, we avoided any...
A motor imagery based brain-computer interface (BCI) translates the subject's motor intention into a control signal. For this BCI system, most algorithms are based on power changes of mu and beta rhythms. In this paper, we employ the measurement of phase synchrony to investigate the activities of the supplementary motor area (SMA) and primary motor area (M1) during left/right hand movement imagery...
A motor imagery based brain-computer interface (BCI) translates the subject's motor intention into a control signal. For this BCI system, most algorithms are based on power changes of mu and beta rhythms. In this paper, we employ the measurement of phase synchrony to investigate the activities of the supplementary motor area (SMA) and primary motor area (M1) during left/right hand movement imagery...
The timing of a behavioral response, such as a button press in reaction to a visual stimulus, is highly variable across trials. In this paper we describe a methodology for single-trial analysis of electroencephalography (EEG) which can be used to reduce the error in the estimation of the timing of the behavioral response and thus reduce the error in estimating the onset time of the stimulus. We consider...
The timing of a behavioral response, such as a button press in reaction to a visual stimulus, is highly variable across trials. In this paper we describe a methodology for single-trial analysis of electroencephalography (EEG) which can be used to reduce the error in the estimation of the timing of the behavioral response and thus reduce the error in estimating the onset time of the stimulus. We consider...
In this paper, we build a mathematical model of the whole-body neuromuscular network and identify its parameters by optical motion capture, inverse dynamics computation, and statistical analysis. The model includes a skeleton, a musculotendon network, and a neuromuscular network. The skeleton is composed of 155 joints representing the inertial property and mobility of the human body. The musculotendon...
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