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There are great challenges of developing high-throughput analytic tools in the post-genomic era. The microarray technology, as one of the most powerful high-throughput tools, has a lot of opportunities in meeting increasing enormous demands in the discovery of the molecular mechanisms of life systems. A number of the new concept microarrays will be developed and used in fundamental and medical researches...
The clinical management of skeletal trauma and disease relies on radiographic imaging to infer bone quality. However, bone strength does not necessarily correlate well with image intensity. There is a need for a safe and convenient way to measure bone strength in situ. This paper presents a new technique to directly measure bone strength in situ at a microlevel scale through a microelectromechanical...
We developed a new electroporation system, including a microchip and a logic circuit, and combining with the function of electrophoresis, which can site-specific enhancement of the gene concentration. We have demonstrated that the electroporation microchip could enhance and target in vitro gene transfection for cell lines. In this micro-device, the outer electrodes could provide the electrophoresis...
A neural sensor with novel structure and capable of double side recordings has been designed and fabricated using surface micromachining technique. Dry-etch benzocyclobutene (BCB) was selected as the substrate and packaging material for its excellent electrical, mechanical and thermal properties. Positive photoresist (AZ4620) was used as the sacrificial layer during the formation of backside recording...
A droplet-based microfluidic system was developed for biochemical assays of triglycerides and methanol as potential applications in medical rapid diagnostics and food safety. We present a novel platform to manipulate biology reaction droplets with features of self-moving, self-mixing, and self-positioning toward the detection spot. The driving force comes from the gradient of surface tension force...
In this study, we provided a comprehensive methodology for designing and integrating miniature system in the biosensor application. In general, the network analyzer is commonly used for acoustic wave sensor measurement. However, it is remarkably inconvenient for portable use. Therefore, we presented a readout concept, which was focused on the miniaturization of the flexural plate wave (FPW) sensor...
Here some progresses of core-shell nanoparticles (NPs) for biomedical applications have been reported. A new synthesis mechanism for preparation of core-shell NPs by using water-in-oil (W/O) microemulsion technique has been investigated. And the applications of the core-shell NPs on cell recognition, oligonucleotide detection, single bacterial detection, pH nano-sensor for single cell, DNA recovery...
We report a MEMS device for continuous and binary separation of leukocytes (white blood cells, WBCs) and erythrocytes (red blood cells, RBCs) by their sizes. The system consists of PDMS cylindrical pillars inside fluidic chamber on glass slides. A 420 mum lateral separation was achieved for 5 mum and 10 mum beads. The critical particle size for separation was successful predicted by simulation and...
Subretinal prosthesis is one kind of retinal prosthesis, which means that a microimplant based on MEMS technology is inserted in the subretinal space to stimulate the optic nerve and elicit an electrical-evoked response on the cortical region. The subretinal implant is made up of extraocular part and intraocular part. As an important part, the latter consists of accessorial setting and stimulation...
This paper presents a microfluidic mixing module array developed for bio-fluid/chemical delivery and mixing. Vortex micropumps, microchannels and pillared-surface diaphragm (PSD) active micromixers were successfully integrated into a single polymer-based microfluidic chip, consisting of three mixing modules. The pumping characteristics of the vortex micropump were investigated with both analytical...
This paper presents a theoretical and experimental investigation of MEMS thermal biosensors in flow-through measurements of metabolites. A model is developed to consider convective heat transfer effects and enzyme kinetics using the Michaelis-Menton theory. Numerical solutions from the model are compared with experimental data obtained from a prototype MEMS thermal biosensor. Satisfactory agreement...
We report the development of an implantable multifunctional (glucose and cholesterol) needle type biosensor with integrated RF wireless circuitry for continuous in vivo monitoring of metabolites during short term stays in emergency room or intensive care unit. Silicon-based MEMS technologies are used for the fabrication of micro needle sensors. The whole device is covered by a biocompatible Parylene...
Electrowetting-on-dielectric (EWOD) is a new method for handling droplets on the microfluidic chips. A most promising application for EWOD chips is the clinical diagnostics on human physiological fluids. This paper uses pure blood of rabbit as the experimental sample to test the wettability of the fluorocarbon polymer (p-C:F) hydrophobic layer of the EWOD chips. The contact angle variation of the...
Cells are equipped with a host of receptors that can convert chemical signals into electrical ones. Cell-based biosensors take cells as sensing elements for detecting the intracellular/extracellular microenvironment and some special characteristics of cells selves. This paper presents the design of the cell-based biosensor and optimization of the automatic fluidic system that makes it feasible to...
This paper presents the design and initial experimental results of a flexure-based parallel manipulator that is actuated by three piezoelectric stacks. The manipulator is for an active handheld tremor canceling device for microsurgery. By using flexures to approximate pin and ball joints, errors due to friction, backlash, and imperfect assemblies have been eliminated. The results show that the manipulator...
Conducting polymer can modify device surface properties and incorporate biomolecules for immobilization by electropolymerization at the same time. We investigated a method for surface modification by electrochemically deposited polypyrrole onto surface of bio-MEMS micro device. We reported the effects of the numbers of CV cycle on the deposited film thickness and roughness in this paper. Furthermore,...
We report a multi parameters cardio-pulmonary (CP) monitoring system with features of low power consumptions (30 mA, 3.3V), miniaturization (size 25 cm2), and wireless data communications (Frequency 96 MHz) for wearable applications in e-Health. Its target application is for the evaluation of fitness of CP during exercises. We use a miniature bi-directional hot-wire sensor for respiratory function,...
This paper presents a unique design for a low-power, continuous non-invasive sensor capable of remotely monitoring the five major vital signs of a patient. In particular, the sensor is designed for rapid attachment to the fingerbase of a patient by utilizing a clip-type mechanism and is comprised of a photoplethysmograph (PPG), a MEMS accelerometer, a temperature sensor, and a wireless node. Although...
This paper presents an active noise cancellation technique that utilizes an accelerometry measurement to recover corrupted wearable health monitoring signals. The technique presented here requires no calibration for each patient and is computationally efficient. Also, a method of determining when the desired signal is correlated with the motion reference is presented with a means of partial signal...
Potential field algorithms often used in path finding applications on a 2D plane are expanded onto a 3D map trajectories for navigation planning of a microdevice designed to be propelled through the cardiovascular system using magnetic gradients generated by a clinical MRI system. This system assembles a 3D reconstruction of a cardiovascular system through magnetic resonance angiography images. The...
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