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The purpose of the present study was to examine the influence of muscle cooling on the passive mechanical properties of the human gastrocnemius muscle (GAS) in vivo. In a thermoneutral (a room temperature of 18-23degC) and a local cooling (placing the right lower leg into cold water with a temperature of 5-8degC for 60 min) conditions, the change in passive plantarflexion force (F), which is produced...
System identification involves creating mathematical models of systems using measurements of their inputs and outputs. Linear time-varying systems form an important sub-class of models that require the use of specialized system identification techniques. One such approach involves expanding the time-varying parameters onto a set of temporal basis functions and then estimating the resulting expansion...
A robot-assisted orthopedic telesurgery system, named HIT-RAOTS, has been developed according to Chinese conventional operation method. Its main function includes obtaining images with information of position and orientation of fracture, providing fracture information for doctors, assisting the doctors to complete the reposition of fracture and locking operation of intramedullary nail. In this system,...
Ophthalmic viscoelastic devices play a crucial role in cataract surgery today by protecting corneal endothelium, structures of anterior chamber and maintaining space inside the eye for safe manipulation during surgical treatment. Many factors likely affect the corneal endothelium during phacoemulsification procedure. These can be divided into 3 groups: 1) direct mechanical trauma including inadvertent...
The objective of this study was to simulate clamping of the aorta. It is computationally demanding and involves contact between clamp and aorta, large deformations, and fluid-structure interactions (FSI). Models of the aortic root and clamp were created and solve in ADINA, a finite element analysis package. The tissue model was created using a non-linear material. Fluid-structure interactions (FSI)...
We propose a new analysis method to detect phase coupling behaviour of the human gastric interdigestive pressure wave that has been acquired by a telemetric capsule-like mini-robot. The method is referred to as diagonal slice spectra, which are the Fourier transforms of the diagonal slices of the triple correlation and can detect the phase coupling and coupled components respectively. It is shown...
High-dimensional deformable registration of MRI brain images is presented here. The deformation is driven by local forces estimated from point similarities based on joint histogram and with the use of prior information obtained from tissue probability maps available in selected commonly used brain atlases. Three point similarity measures are tested in an experiment with data obtained from standard...
The clinical management of skeletal trauma and disease relies on radiographic imaging to infer bone quality. However, bone strength does not necessarily correlate well with image intensity. There is a need for a safe and convenient way to measure bone strength in situ. This paper presents a new technique to directly measure bone strength in situ at a microlevel scale through a microelectromechanical...
The quality of our life is tied to the quality of our sleep. People with sleep deficits may experience impaired performance, irritability, lack of concentration, and daytime drowsiness. Increased mobility in bed can be a sign of disrupted sleep. Therefore, body movements in bed represent an important behavioral aspect of sleep. In this paper, we propose a method for detection and classification of...
Loss of mobility can occur for a variety of reasons,such as spinal cord injury or motor neurone disease. The onset of these conditions often brings with it an associated loss of personal independence, which is primarily due to the fact that the sufferer is no longer able to control their mobility. This project aims to address this problem through the creation of a head movement based wheelchair control...
Continuously motivating people to exercise regularly is more important than finding a barriers such as lack of time, cost of equipment or gym membership, lack of nearby facilities and poor weather or night-time lighting. Our proposed system presents practicable methods of motivation through a Web-based exercise prescription service. Users are instructed to exercise according to their physical ability...
It has been documented that astronauts suffer from a progressive and continuous negative calcium balance in space flight. The aim of this trial was to demonstrate the role of force incentive on protection of bone loss in stimulated microgravity rats. 7-week-old male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 3 groups. One group was suspended by tail for 21 days, one groups were suspended for 21 days and...
The present study tested the hypothesis that the role of ERK in phasic and tonic contractile responses is declined by hindlimb unloading (HU) in rat femoral arteries. Male Wistar rats were randomised into HU and control group (n=7). After 14d, the femoral arteries were isolated and cut into 3-mm ring segments. In the absence or presence of PD98059(MEK inhibitor), contractile response to NE(10muM)...
The anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) functions as a mechanical stabilizer in the tibiofemoral joint. Over 250,000 Americans each year suffer ACL ruptures and tears, making the ACL the most commonly injured knee ligament. Methods which permit the in situ monitoring of changes in ACL graft mechanical properties during healing are needed. A long term goal in ACL reconstruction is to regenerate the ACL-bone...
Most technologies for tissue elasticity imaging are now based on measurement of stain distribution, since they are more suited to real-time processing than reconstruction of elastic modulus images. However, to obtain more quantitative information about tissue elastic properties, it is necessary to reconstruct tissue elastic modulus images. There, we developed a new method for reconstructing tissue...
As a differential diagnosis technique of living soft tissues, we are developing ultrasonic strain measurement-based shear modulus reconstruction methods. Previously, we reported a method utilizing the typical value of Poisson's ratio. However, as reconstruction errors were confirmed due to the difference between the original value and the set value, we proposed a method to reconstruct Poisson's ratio...
The main purpose of this paper is to develop a theoretical tool in order to fundamentally characterize the performance of Myocardial elastography and identify the optimal parameters to be used for the more reliable detection of ischemia or infarction. A complete representation of the left-ventricular function throughout an entire cardiac cycle was previously demonstrated through the use of a 3D finite-element...
Ultrasound and electromyography (EMG) are two of the most often used diagnostic tools for muscles. However, there is lack of a system for continuously capturing both signals with a synchronized procedure. This study presents a new system for this purpose. The system comprises an ultrasound scanner, a pulser/receiver, an EMG amplifier, and a PC with A/D converter cards for data acquisition and analysis...
Tissue stiffness is generally known to be associated with pathologic changes. Ultrasound indentation is able to assess the mechanical properties of soft tissues. Conventional ultrasound indentation devices use rigid flat-ended transducers to directly contact with the tissues and typically operate in the frequency ranging between 2 M Hz and 10 MHz. This paper introduced a novel ultrasound indentation...
Wearable technology has been used in various health-related fields to develop advanced monitoring solutions. However, the monitoring function alone cannot meet all the requirements of personal customizing machine-supported exercise that have biosignal-based controls. In this paper, we propose a new wearable unit design equipped with measurement and control functions to support the personal customization...
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