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In this paper, a novel microfiber refractive index sensor prepared with tapering-twisting-tapering technique has been proposed and demonstrated for the first time. Experimental results show that the interference intensity of the novel microfiber increases with the increment of pre-tapered length and the intervening twist number. Furthermore, the refractive index sensitivity of this microfiber sensor...
We demonstrated an optical fiber sensor with high sensitivity of temperature and refractive index, we can use it to measure temperature and refractive index simultaneously. The sensing head consists of a section of multimode fiber (MMF) and a section of multi-core fiber (MCF), which is connected between two segments of single-mode fibers to form a Mach-Zehnder interferometer (MZI). A short section...
Characteristic of two cascaded Mach-Zehnder interferometers based on spherical-shape structures is investigated. When the light in the fiber core is excited into high-order cladding mode, part of the light can propagate along the fiber cladding for a long distance. By cascading two identical interferometers formed by dual spherical-shape structures, it proves that the high-order cladding modes are...
A simple and compact all-fiber sensor based on a sandwich fiber structure for simultaneous measurement of refractive index and temperature is proposed and demonstrated. The sensing element was made by cascading two core-offset attenuators with a fiber Bragg grating (FBG) in between. The two core-offset attenuators make up a Mach-Zehnder interferometer. The transmission spectrum would shift with the...
We developed a new technique for constructing humidity sensor comprised of two cascaded peanut-shape structure which were coated with polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and in between was also coated with PVA. The coating changes with the humidity which resulting in the change of the effective refractive index, and lead to the change of the interference wavelength. Experiments show that, with the humidity changes...
Because of graphene's large nonlinear refractive index, a nonlinear model is established to characterized the nonlinear parameters. With graphene, the nonlinear parameters of the hybrid graphene-silicon waveguides increase tens of times. Figure of merits of such waveguides indicate that graphene could be used to enhance the nonlinear performances of silicon waveguides.
In recent years, doublet lens has been used more and more widely in the ideal optical components of confocal 3D imaging due to its high resolution. But for doublet cemented lenses, spherical aberration becomes the biggest barrier to its application. In this paper, based on the formation mechanism of spherical aberration, not only the near and far axis optical path calculation method and equation are...
A 16-mode PANDA polarization-maintaining ring-core fiber (PM-RCF) is presented and optimized, which adjacent LP-modes show effective refractive index differences larger than 10−4 for multiple-input multiple-output-free (MIMO-free) space-division multiplexing (SDM) optical networks. Relative mode multiplicity factor (RMMF) is defined to evaluate the spatial efficiency of the presented PM-RCF.
A high-quality nanolayer graphene (NLG) coated hollow core fiber (HCF) platform has been demonstrated for accurate monitoring of refractive index (RI) changes so far mainly operate in liquids but not in air. The NLG with high index is deposited on the outer surface of the HCF, and an enhanced anti-resonant reflecting guidance is formed, which induces sharp periodic lossy dips in the transmission spectrum...
A thin-core fiber based Mach-Zehnder interferometer (MZI) for simultaneous measurement of temperature and refractive index is demonstrated. It is formed by sandwiching a short section of highly germanium-doped fiber between two single-mode fibers and writing a fiber Bragg grating (FBG) on the germanium-doped fiber. Simultaneous measurement is achieved based on the different responses of the interferometer...
We present and numerically characterize a single liquid-core photonic crystal fiber (PCF) based surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensor. The two gold coated liquid analyte channels as big as core are placed near the core for easy excitation of free electrons to produce surface plasmon waves (SPWs). A sufficiently strong SPR is achieved by adjusting the size of the air holes between the core and the...
Weakly-coupled mode-division-multiplexing (MDM) is a promising approach to overcome the capacity crunch in optical transmission systems and networks. In this paper, we present the latest progresses of weakly-coupled MDM transmission over multi-mode fiber (MMF) or few-mode fiber (FMF) supporting large quantity of independent modes with intensity modulation and direct detection.
Comparing with uncoated LPFGs, ZnO coated LPFG shows obvious improvement of RI sensitivity between the RI range of 1.4 and 1.62. The proposed structure exhibits a very high sensitivity of 5175 nm/RIU in the RI range from 1.444 to 1.448, and the sensitivity could be further improved by optimizing the thickness of the ZnO thin film.
In this paper, we design an all-dielectric metasurface, which can produce a sharp transmission peak due to analogue of electromagnetically induced transparency to realize refractive index sensing. The structure is a periodic lattice of a silicon dumbbell-shaped bar and a silicon ring resonator on the bulk fused silica substrate. The EIT phenomenon of the proposed metasurface and the refractive index...
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