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Currently lasers are perceived as unique light that can produce specific states of matter through selective manipulations that could not be realized using any other conventional incoherent addition of thermal or electronic energy to a system. Although the selective laser chemistry is still a dream, the selective control of material processing done by optimization of laser intensity, as well as the...
Polycrystalline silicon (poly-Si) has attracted significant interest in the area of silicon photonics because of its potential for combining good optical transmission, electronic functionality and low fabrication cost, which makes it an attractive material for commercial applications [1]. In addition, it was shown recently that by laser processing of amorphous Si (a-Si) it is possible to obtain very...
Attosecond metrology has so far remained limited to Ti:Sa lasers combined with an active stabilization of the carrier-envelope phase (CEP), where the achievable photon energy is limited to ∼100eV. This is too low to access X-ray absorption edges of most second- and third-row elements which are central to chemistry, biology and material science. The quadratic scaling of the ponderomotive energy with...
The reliable availability of energetic and very short pulses in the femtosecond regime triggered innumerable developments in research and application in physics, chemistry, and life sciences. Now, a new and superior technology reached maturity in research labs during the last decade, the few-cycle optical parametric chirped-pulse amplifier (OPCPA). The concept is advantageous against Ti:sapphire technology...
Femtosecond mode-locked lasers near 2 μm based on the Tm3+ ion have been drawing great attention since they are applied in various fields including physics, chemistry and biology [1]. Among the host materials for Tm3+, the monoclinic double tungstate crystals are one of the most promising for ultrashort pulse generation [2]. Recently, we successfully demonstrated efficient laser operation of a new...
Ceramics play an important role in today's science and industry as it can withstand immense heat, mechanical and other hazards. For this reason, there is a constant drive to find new ways to acquire more free-form and sophisticated ceramic structures. Recently, stereolithographic 3D printing of hybrid organic-inorganic photopolymer and subsequent heat treatment was demonstrated to be capable of providing...
Solid-state lasers based on Cr2+-doped chalcogenide poly-or single-crystals (ZnSe, ZnS, CdSe) operating at wavelength of 1.9–3.4 μm have demonstrated rapid progress in the last decade, and are promising sources for applications in the fields of industrial material processing, remote sensing, molecular spectroscopy and medicine [1, 2]. This paper is devoted to the experimental investigation of the...
Femtosecond pulses with tailored laser fields are indispensable for studying the control of ultrafast chemical transformations [1] and for uncovering the realms of strong field physics in atoms, molecules, solids [2], and nanoscale targets [3]. For such studies pulses with well-controlled electric field, synthesized from hollow-core fiber compressors, have shown their application potential [4]. More...
Atomic-scale manipulation of carbon based surfaces, such as diamond, has an enormous potential for the construction of future nano-scale, photonic and optoelectronic devices. Diamond, when compared to other group IV covalent semiconductors, is particularly interesting; not only its tightly packed and strongly bound crystal lattice is an ideal environment for extreme physics, but it also offers advantages...
Light trapping strategies that lead to an enhancement of the light absorbed by a device is a direct way to improve solar cells behavior. Light trapping strategies that lead to an enhancement of the light absorbed by a device is a direct way to improve solar cells behavior. The texturization of one or more surfaces is an industry standard in solar cells manufacturing. In the particular case of crystalline-...
High-average-power ultrashort-pulse laser systems in the mid-infrared (MIR) molecular fingerprint region (2–25 μm) are of great interest for environmental applications, defense and fundamental research, in particular for studies of molecular dynamics on the femtosecond scale, chemical reactions and dynamics of photo-excited charge carriers in semiconductors [1-3]. High-sensitivity spectroscopic applications...
Time resolved photoelectron spectroscopy (TRPES) shows exquisite sensitivity to both the electronic and nuclear dynamics of molecules. TRPES is also, in principle, a windowless technique that can provide a measurement for any molecular structure as all states can be ionised. With the advent of high harmonic generation (HHG) sources, this windowless character is beginning to be realised, as pulses...
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