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Visual prosthesis opens new perspectives in the field of restoring vision for blind people. It aims to bypass the defective stages of the natural visual pathway and to provide proper inputs to the later stages. The starting point of any visual prosthesis is an image processing model which is typically performed in two phases: Feature extraction to highlight the important information of visual scene,...
A hybrid neuroprosthesis is a device that uses a combination of electric motors and functional electrical stimulation (FES) to provide gait assistance. Its closed-loop control performance can be potentially affected by the presence of electromechanical delay (EMD) during FES. In this paper, a tracking control scheme for a hybrid walking neuroprosthesis that combines electric motor actuation at the...
Animal studies are often used to test the feasibility and effectiveness of neuroscience research ideas. Optogenetics is a state-of-the-art technique that allows researchers to control brain activity with light. Current methods are limited as they use tethered setups with the animal in a fixed position, resulting in stress and reduced animal welfare. Hence, an untethered setup is highly desirable.
Grasping objects is one of the most important hand utilisation in everyday life. Due to neuromuscular ailments or injury, some people are unable to move their hands. Though myoelectrically controlled prostheses are widely available in the market, they require some muscle based control points which are hardly available for many. Motor Imagination (MI) controlled prostheses will surpass this shortcomings...
This paper investigates whether the movement intent of an amputee can be detected and classified in real-time as the individual moved his/her phantom hand. We present a method to detect movement intent using neural signals from the peripheral nervous system (PNS). In addition, we classify eight types of individual hand movements using 300 ms signal segments beginning with our detected starting time...
Neural-interface devices have the potential to isolate and transduce both afferent (sensory) and efferent (motor) neural signals of the peripheral nerve to and from electrical signals in instrumentation for stimulation and recording to produce fine control of advanced prosthetics. In order to potentiate the full spectrum of possible applications, the persistent foreign-body response needs to be addressed...
In our central nervous system (CNS), glutamate is an excitatory neurotransmitter that can be accumulated remarkably by brain tissue. As is noticeable from previous studies, glutamate is somehow closely related with most ways of normal and abnormal cerebral activities. It was significant to monitor glutamate concentration changes in vivo real time. Therefore, we developed an enzyme-based microelectrode...
The Argus II retinal prosthesis has a dissociation between the line of sight of the camera and that of the eye. The image-capturing camera is mounted on the glasses and therefore, eye movements do not influence the visual information sent to the implanted electrodes.
Three muscle activation estimators: a linear mean-absolute value filter, a recursive Bayesian method, and a kurtosis filter were compared as control approaches for an abstract myoelectric-controlled interface. The linear filter outperformed both the Bayesian and kurtosis methods with respect to participants' overall scores. Despite significantly less efficient trajectories, the Bayesian filter showed...
Attenuation of alpha wave is considered as the most valid marker of sleep onset during sleep, but this has received little attention during driving. Interestingly, from our simulated driving experiments, a new alpha wave's attenuation-disappearance phenomenon was observed to frequently appear in eye closure events (ECEs), with an obvious split point, which divides ECE into alpha attenuation phase...
To study the metabolic changes following amputation, we investigated the metabolite concentrations in the secondary somatosensory cortex and thalamus from twenty-three upper limb amputees and sixteen age-matched healthy controls using proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS). The ratios of major metabolites to the creatine (Cr) peak were quantified to indicate metabolite levels. Compared with...
It is of great significance to detect and predict muscle fatigue for avoiding muscle injury and the negative effects on human-machine interface. This paper presents a novel approach to obtain reliable information about muscle fatigue by analyzing surface electromyography (sEMG) and near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) simultaneously. Muscle fatigue was induced via sustained isometric contraction at 50%...
Cavernous malformation or cavernoma is a kind of brain vessel abnormality that can cause serious symptoms such as seizures, intracerebral hemorrhage and various neurological deficits. It is one of the most common epileptogenic lesions that can be identified by physicians based on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain. However, visual detection of cavernomas in a large set of brain MRI slices...
Monitoring hemodynamic responses in the rodent stroke model is important in the study of ischemic stroke. However, it is hard for a single imaging modality to comprehensively explore these changes. In this study, we implemented laser speckle imaging (LSI) and visible-light optical coherence tomography (Vis-OCT) to detect cerebral blood flow (CBF), angiography and oxygen saturation (sO2) in the mouse...
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder and severely affects patients' daily lives. The diagnosis depends on the presence of one or more common motor symptoms of the disease. As PD is chronic and slowly progressive, the symptoms continue and worsen over a long period of time. Quantification of the PD's motor symptoms is helpful for diagnosing and monitoring patients' conditions. This...
Attention of subjects in EEG-based emotion recognition experiments determines the quality of EEG data. Traditionally, self-assessment with questionnaires is used to evaluate the attention degree of subjects in experiments. However, this kind of self-assessment approach is subjective and inaccurate. Low quality EEG data from subjects without attention might influence the experiment evaluation and degrade...
In the sensory thalamus and periventricular gray/periaqueductal gray (PVAG) nucleus, the synchronization level of multiple frequency band oscillations of local field potentials (LFPs) have been shown to be associated with chronic pain perception and modulation. In this study, a state identification approach was generated to dynamically identify the synchronization state of neural oscillation. In this...
Brain waves contain fundamental information about cortical activity: signal power within certain frequency bands, which is exploited by a variety of Brain-Computer Interface applications. For real-time systems, these features must be estimated as quickly as possible while maintaining high signal fidelity. Here, we present a statistically optimal signal processing framework for real-time bandpower...
To effectively restore the fine motor functions of the forearm and hand of stroke survivors and patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI), recent studies have proposed an active rehabilitation concept based on the pattern recognition of electromyography (EMG) signals to decode the motor intent of the patients. The results from these studies suggested that pattern recognition of EMG signals associated...
Real time algorithms for decoding physiological signals from peripheral nerve recordings form an important component of closed loop bioelectronic medicine (electroceutical) systems. As a feasibility demonstration, we considered the problem of decoding bladder pressure from pelvic nerve electroneurograms. We extracted power spectral density of the nerve signal across a band optimised for Shannon Mutual...
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