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Both treadmill training and epidural stimulation can help to reactivate the central pattern generator (CPG) in the spinal cord after a spinal cord injury. However, designing an appropriate training approach and a stimulation profile is still a controversial issue. Bearing the Hebbian theory in mind, one can speculate a relation between the number of input afferent signals and the quality of movement...
Regenerative peripheral-nerve interfaces are a novel method for integrating with the peripheral nervous system. These devices have the potential to isolate and transduce both afferent (sensory) and efferent (motor) neural signals to produce fine control of advanced prosthetics. We have developed a novel regenerative device comprised of microfabricated polyimide electrode threads supported by a hydrogel...
The requirements of exploring multi-site responsive stimulation for epilepsy treatment have driven the development of neurostimulator with more recording channels, more stimulation channels, and more powerful on-board calculation. In this paper, a multi-channel closed-loop stimulation system based on FPGA platform, which implements 32-channel 30kS/s recording and 4-channel arbitrary waveform (up to...
In rodent's olfactory bulb, different odors evoke distinct glomeruli patterns to form a specific ‘Odor Map’. The optical imaging has the ability to visualize the functional responses in precise spatial and temporal resolution, which provides an opportunity to decipher the functional architecture of the patterns in the olfactory bulb. Here we adapted intrinsic signal imaging to visualize the odor response...
In our central nervous system (CNS), glutamate is an excitatory neurotransmitter that can be accumulated remarkably by brain tissue. As is noticeable from previous studies, glutamate is somehow closely related with most ways of normal and abnormal cerebral activities. It was significant to monitor glutamate concentration changes in vivo real time. Therefore, we developed an enzyme-based microelectrode...
Real time algorithms for decoding physiological signals from peripheral nerve recordings form an important component of closed loop bioelectronic medicine (electroceutical) systems. As a feasibility demonstration, we considered the problem of decoding bladder pressure from pelvic nerve electroneurograms. We extracted power spectral density of the nerve signal across a band optimised for Shannon Mutual...
Functional brain connectivity (FBC) network has been used for characterizing the dynamics of seizure evolution. In this paper, FBC networks based on correlation coefficient (COR), cross-correlation (xCOR), coherence (COH), phase slope index (PSI), phase locking value (PLV), phase lag index (PLI), mutual information (MI), transfer entropy (TE), Granger-causality index (GCI), directed transfer function...
The addition of sensory feedback is expected to greatly enhance the performance of motor neuroprostheses. In the case of stroke or spinal cord injured patients, sensory information can be obtained from electroneurographic (ENG) signals recorded from intact nerves in the non-functioning limb. Here, we aimed to identify sensory information recorded from mixed nerves using a multi-channel cuff electrode...
Many real-time brain-machine interface (BMI) applications require quickest detection of abrupt changes in observed neural signals in an online manner. In the presence of multi-neuronal recordings, we propose both model-based and model-free approaches to detect the change in neuronal ensemble spiking activity. The model-based approach is motivated from state space modeling and recursive Bayesian filtering...
The corticospinal tract (CST) is one of the descending tracts that carry the forelimb volitional information. Using flexible multi-electrode arrays (MEAs), the CST signals were recorded in rats during active and resting states. The power spectral density (PSD) of CST signals during the active state were notably higher than those observed during resting or anesthesia. Average inter-channel coherences...
Retinal degenerative disorders are one of the leading causes of human blindness in adult life. Electronic retinal prostheses aim to restore vision in blind people who have photoreceptor cell loss by electrically stimulating the inner retina. We conducted in-vivo experiments, in which we electrically stimulated the retina and measured electrically evoked potentials (EERs) from the visual cortex of...
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