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This work proposes a Common Spatial Pattern with Polarity Check (CSPPC) to facilitate Movement Related Cortical Potential (MRCP) detection. The algorithm was compared with the Locality Preserving Projection (LPP) algorithm in the context of detecting foot dorsiflexion within a group of thirteen subjects. It has been shown that CSPPC achieved a significantly reduced delay latency compared to LPP (−25...
Target image detection based on rapid serial visual presentation (RSVP) paradigm is a typical brain-computer interface with various applications, such as image retrieval. In an RSVP paradigm, the P300 component is detected to determine the target image, which requires high-precision single-trial P300 detection methods. However, compared to multi-trial P300 detection methods, the performance of single-trial...
Dual tasking refers to the simultaneous execution of two tasks with different demands. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effect of a second task on a main task of motor execution and on the ability to detect the cortical potential related to the main task from non-invasive electroencephalographic (EEG). Participants were asked to perform a series of cue-based ankle dorsiflexions as the primary...
Verbal communication makes human unique from other species. People use different modalities of speech while communicating with others. Widely practised modalities are speak loudly (utter), whispering and mumbling with closed lips. Apart from speaking, people also speak in their mind. Due to different ailments or injury, some people have lost their ability to speak and are forced to take other means...
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive, neurodegenerative disorder, characterized by hallmark motor symptoms. Deep brain stimulation (DBS) has been used to treat advanced PD successfully. Previous studies have found that the DBS also has an effect on the electrophysiological activity of the deep brain nucleus while alleviate the PD symptoms. Here, in an attempt to gain a greater understanding of...
P300-based brain-computer interface (BCI) is one of the most common BCIs. Due to the characteristics of P300 responses vary from person to person, it leads to the necessity of collecting much labeled data from each user and the problem of time-consuming in many applications. In this work, a transfer learning method which dynamically adjusts the weights of instances is applied to improve the P300-based...
Epidural spinal cord stimulation (SCS) is a promising therapy for spinal cord injury (SCI). This paper combines experimental data from epidurally-stimulated human paraplegic patients with computational models of SCS to identify the electric field features correlated with the patients' ability to stand. We locate the spinal cord regions most critical to stimulated standing and find that the most informative...
Hybrid Brain-Computer Interfaces (BCI) has shown great promise for neuro-prosthetics and assistive devices in the field of rehabilitation. However, the complexity involved with the system design and time cost for classification of motor tasks is a core problem when we step into clinical applications. To help address this problem, simultaneous measurements of Electroencephalography (EEG) and functional...
Retinal neuroprostheses or ‘bionic eyes’, aim to restore patterned vision to those with vision loss by electrically stimulating the remaining neurons in the degenerate retina. Despite considerable progress over the last two decades, such devices generally stimulate indiscriminately both the ‘ON’ and ‘OFF’ visual pathways in the retina, conveying highly non-physiological signals to the brain.
Although the potential for intracortical implanted microelectrodes has been demonstrated, successful clinical translation has been hindered by their inability to function over clinically relevant time-points (years to decades). Failure of implanted microelectrode arrays (MEA's) has been highly correlated with the foreign body response which progressively encapsulates the MEA's in a glial sheath, isolating...
Migraine is a socioeconomic burden, whose pharmaceutical and invasive treatment methods may have troublesome side-effects. A wearable neuromodulator targeting frontal nerve branches of trigeminal nerve may provide an effective solution to suppress or treat migraine. Such solutions have had limited efficacies. In this paper, using computational models, the relationship of this lack of efficacy to some...
Physiological signals such as EEG and EOG have been successfully applied to detect driving fatigue in single modality. In this paper, we propose a multimodal approach by combining partial EEG and forehead EOG to enhance driving fatigue detection. We investigate the key brain area where we collect the EEG to combine with forehead EOG. Our experiment results demonstrate that the temporal EEG signals...
Kinesthetic motor imagery (KMI) tasks induce brain oscillations over specific regions of the primary motor cortex within the contralateral hemisphere of the body part involved in the process. This activity can be measured through the analysis of electroencephalographic (EEG) recordings and is particularly interesting for Brain-Computer Interface (BCI) applications. The most common approach for classification...
Neural networks in the central nervous system are composed of neurons which interconnect through their axons. Although computational capacity of axons is of great interest, their small structure makes exact evaluation difficult. Culture device capable of obtaining features of individual axons and stimulating with pharmacological reagent is needed. In this study, we aimed to develop a novel culture...
Visual prosthesis based on penetrative optic nerve (ON) stimulation is an alternative approach to partially restore visual function. As one of the most important factors, pulse shape of electrical stimulus is a major consideration in the design of ON visual prosthesis. Animal experiments showed that the evoked responses in visual cortex (V1) to ON electrical stimulation are dependent on the stimulus...
In order to understand brain mechanisms and functionalities, neural probes with electrode arrays are incorporated into mice and Local Field Potentials (LFP) are recorded indicating the activities of groups of neurons. Next, the brain activity can be analyzed in terms of Current Source Density (CSD), which are computed via the LFP. In this paper, we propose the analysis of the somatosensory cortex...
Visual fixation is an item of the Coma Recovery Scale-Revised (CRS-R), it is difficult to be detected by clinicians using the behavioral scales because of fluctuations of arousal level and the presence of motor impairment in disorders of consciousness (DOC) patients. Brain-computer interfaces (BCIs), which directly detect brain response without any behavioral expression, can be used to evaluate a...
Stroke can be defined as a sudden onset of neurological deficits caused by a focal injury to the central nervous system from a vascular cause. In ischemic stroke (∼87% of all strokes) and transient ischemic attack (TIA), the blood vessel carrying blood to the brain is blocked causing deficit in the glucose supply - the main energy source. Here, neurovascular coupling (NVC) mechanism links neural activity...
Stereo-electroencephalographic (SEEG) depth electrodes were used to record neural activity from deep brain structures in this study. By localizing all the electrodes into the individual brain, we found that areas that are inside of central sulcus occurred obvious hand-movement-related modulation when the subjects were performing different hand motion tasks. Then, an asynchronous brain-computer interface...
Current Brain Computer Interface (BCI) systems are limited by relying on neuronal spikes and decoding limited to kinematics only. For a BCI system to be practically useful, it should be able to decode brain information on a continuous basis with low latency. This study investigates if force can be decoded from local field potentials (LFP) recorded with deep brain electrodes located at the Subthalamic...
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