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This paper proposes the Minkowski fractal antenna with square patch element. The substrate used for this design is FR-4 the proposed design whose dielectric constant and thickness is 4.4 and 1.6 mm respectively. This antenna consists of four parts-patch, probe feed, substrate and ground plane. The square patch element is located centrally in the Minkowski fractal patch antenna. The parameters studied...
A new wideband compact planar microstrip antenna with defected ground structure is presented. The compact size of antenna is 57 mm × 46 mm × 1.59 mm. Defected ground structure antenna has minimum return loss of −24.77 dB and −19.04 dB at operating frequency 5.57 GHz and 3.51 GHz respectively. This antenna provides percentage bandwidth of 52%, ranging from 3.4 GHz to 5.9 GHz with constant gain. This...
In the proposed paper a coplanar waveguide (CPW)-fed circular patch antenna with notching characteristics is used. A small CPW-fed round shaped patch antenna has designed using FR4-epoxy substrate having dielectric constant of 4.4 having dimensions of 30*30*1.6 mm3. By etching out two C-shaped slots notching is achieved at 3.9/5.5 GHz for C-band satellite communication and Wireless Local Area Network...
The gain flatness of EDFA plays a awfully crucial role in DWDM system applications in all told sorts of optical networks style. The main purpose of this paper is to attain gain flatness for thirty two channels so as to equalize amplitude gain of DWDM system. this method is simulated using Opti system package to attain gain flatness of EDFA through variation of EDFA pump power and input power of system...
Thulium doped fiber amplifier is the most capable amplifier candidate for the Wavelength Division Multiplexing (WDM) systems working in S-band. Fluoride TDFA (Thulium doped fiber amplifier) provide better gain characteristics than the silica TDFA because of relatively low phonon energy of Thulium in fluoride host. On the other hand Silica TDFA has many advantages over Fluoride TDFA. In this paper...
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