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The Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer for the Earth Observing System (AMSR-E) had been operated in special slow rotation mode to obtain continuous brightness temperatures for the inter-comparison with those of AMSR2 on the Global Change Observation Mission-Water (GCOM-W) for three years. Although its observation coverage is sparse and some calibration uncertainties exist, the data are still very...
Sun-tracking millimeter-wave radiometry exploits the Sun as a beacon source by tracking it along its diurnal ecliptic. The atmospheric brightness temperature is measured by alternately pointing toward-the-Sun and off-the-Sun according to ad hoc switching strategy. By properly developing a retrieval algorithm, we can estimate the atmospheric path attenuation in all-weather conditions. The Langley method,...
To assimilate satellite-based passive microwave observation over heavy clouds and precipitation into numerical weather prediction (NWP) systems and thus to improve the performance of it has become an intensely studied topic. These attempts rely on the development of a radiative transfer (RT) model that accounts for particle scattering and accurately simulates the observation process at an acceptable...
Imaging period is an important consideration to geostationary interferometric microwave sounder (GIMS) when mapping fast changing target such as typhoon. GIMS simulation system with near real case observation target can evaluate system performance in different system configurations and thus help determine the optimal imaging period. In this paper, GIMS simulation system using MATLAB and near real...
The MicroWave Radiation Imager (MWRI) onboard FengYun-3C (FY-3C) Satellite is a total-power radiometer observing earth surface and atmosphere at 10.65, 18.7, 23.8, 36.5 and 89 GHz with dual polarization. The on-orbit test of FY-3C MWRI was performed shortly after the launch of platform. Sensor performance factors include receiver sensitivity black body stability and scan period stability were tested...
In this paper we show that hyperspectral imaging systems are able to improve the detection and characterization Hazardous and Noxious Substances (HNS) in the case of marine pollution. We analysed nadir hyperspectral image acquisitions from 0.4 to 12µm corresponding to two different campaigns: (i) HNS release at the surface of a sea water pool; (ii) HNS release in the Mediterranean Sea under real conditions...
Numerical simulation of brightness temperatures of the Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer 2 (AMSR2) over the sea ice-open ocean-atmosphere system is fulfilled for non-precipitating conditions using a database of atmospheric meteorological parameter profiles, model profiles of cloud liquid water and published experimental data for sea ice emissivities. The results of numerical experiment show that...
Significant changes have occurred in permafrost and seasonally frozen soils in the Tibetan Plateau (TP) during the last few decades, with potential influence on regional climate, hydrological and ecosystem processes. Land surface temperature (LST) is closely associated with surface energy balance, thus is a critical parameter affecting the frozen soil thermodynamics. Satellite remote sensing provides...
Mirrored Aperture Synthesis (MAS) was proposed to improve spatial resolution with fewer antennas for passive microwave remote sensing. In this paper, an Experiment System of MAS (ESMAS) at 36.4GHz is introduced, which is designed for verifying the principle and performance of MAS. ESMAS is composed of an antenna array, four reflectors, a receiving channel array, a synchronous acquisition subsystem,...
Inversion of FeO and TiO2 by passive microwave radiometer not only provide support for high-precision quantitative inversion of lunar surface material component by optical remote sensing but also explore resources among the deep lunar regolith better. Using CE-2's passive microwave data, the daytime microwave map of the Moon is calculated based on the hour angle. The lunar regolith radioactive transfer...
An algorithm has been developed for retrieving instantaneous microwave land surface emissivity using brightness temperature and precipitable water vapor data. Unlike previous algorithms, the new technique does not need infrared land surface temperature as the input data, and overcomes the limitation of previous algorithms under cloudy conditions. Compared with the values from physical retrieval algorithm,...
In this study, we used a multilinear regression approach to retrieve surface soil moisture from NASA's Soil Moisture Active Passive (SMAP) satellite data to create a global dataset of surface soil moisture which is consistent with ESA's Soil Moisture and Ocean Salinity (SMOS) satellite retrieved surface soil moisture. This was achieved by calibrating coefficients of the regression model using SMOS...
Verifying the calibration of the SMAP radiometer over land observations is an important mission requirement. Inter-comparison of L-band brightness temperature observations from different satellites (SMAP, SMOS and Aquarius) is a useful tool for radiometer calibration. Brightness temperatures observations made at the same frequency, polarization, incidence angle and coincident in time and location...
There are three retrieval algorithms developed for the HY-2A Atmospheric Correction Microwave Radiometer (ACMR). The validation Results of these retrieval algorithms and corresponding products (the wet tropospheric path delays) are presented. Comparisons are made between HY-2A ACMR and various sources including Jason2 Advanced Microwave Radiometer (AMR), global climatological model (ECMWF).
In this paper we summarize the effort to enhance the resolution of SMAP radiometer data. The SMAP radiometer sampling of the Earth surface provides overlapping measurements along scan and along track. The oversampling combined with the given antenna gain function allows reconstruction of the scene with improved resolution. The applied technique is based on the Backus-Gilbert optimum interpolation...
Water vapor plays an important roles in the Earth's energy and water cycles. Compared to optical remote sensing, microwave remote sensing has the advantage to acquire information of atmosphere under cloudy condition. Up to now, there is no published reliable total precipitable water product over land from AMSR2 due to effect of high land surface emissivity in microwave band. In this study, an improved...
The Meteor-M N 2 spacecraft with microwave radiometer MTVZA-GY has been launched on July 8, 2014 on sun-synchronous orbit at an altitude of 830 km. MTVZA-GY is a 29 channel microwave imager/sounder for remote sensing of the ocean and land surface parameters as well as for measuring total atmospheric water vapor content, total cloud liquid water content, air temperature and humidity profiles. MTVZA...
This paper presents a numerical study of microwave brightness temperature of residual foam cover on ocean surface. The foam layer is modeled using Kelvin's Tetrakaidecahedron structure. Absorption and scattering of the foam layer, i.e. the layer phase matrix, are calculated using a multilevel UV method to accelerate method of moment (MoM) solution of Maxwell's equations. Matrix doubling method, which...
Scene imaging simulation is an indispensable work in passive millimeter-wave object detection and remote sensing. In this paper, a 3-D scene simulation model of passive millimeter-wave imaging based on ray-tracing is presented, with consideration of the essential affecting factors such as multiple reflections, sky radiation, polarization rotation and antenna pattern smoothing. In order to accelerate...
SMOS is the acronym for the Soil Moisture and Ocean Salinity mission by the European Space Agency (ESA) [1]. Its single payload, the Microwave Imaging Radiometer using Aperture Synthesis (MIRAS), was successfully launched in November 2009. Along more than six years of operation, SMOS calibration and imaging algorithms have undergone a continuous evolution to further improve the accuracy of the retrieved...
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