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In this paper, dynamic simulation methods for reliability evaluation of common industry-based control system architectures are investigated. Control system design often employs complex reliability structures in the forms of several levels of software and hardware redundancies, hot and cold standby systems. This is required in order to achieve certain plant availability and safety functions. Control...
The distribution domain of the smart grid incorporates advantages of the newest substation automation standards in order to enhance distribution network automation. State-of-the-art distribution automation solutions use the public Internet for exchanging data between substation and control center. This presents challenges for cybersecurity, particularly for critical data determining distribution network...
A significant part of industrial systems have requirements on long life times. Such requirements on the complete system impose requirements on its corresponding embedded systems to be operational for an equally long time. As a consequence it is of paramount importance to be able to replace obsolete components of the embedded systems during the life time of the system, and to be able to update part...
Although home automation (HA) systems in the wired domain are widely accepted by consumers, in today's industry, the mega trend is steering HA systems along a wireless way. Theoretically, wireless solutions are able to provide HA systems with more flexibility and thus reducing engineering costs. In practice, however, deploying wireless HA systems actually requires more costs and efforts due to the...
The evolution of Cyber-physical Systems and their often critical roles in many application domains such as automotive, aeronautics, energy, and railway make it necessary to address safety and security issues equally throughout the entire system lifecycle. In the past, safety and security development has been mostly performed independently. With increasing complexity and connectivity, this separation...
Water scarcity and water stress issues pose a serious threat to the global population. The traditional way of manual meter reading is furthermore inconvenient and time consuming, and it wastes resources. This method is also unable to manage the sustainable water resources effectively since it requires efficient, accurate and reliable monitoring techniques that enable the utilities sector and consumers...
Petri nets are often used as a design tool amenable to model specification, simulation, and verification. They are typically used in the design phase often with no clear connection to the requirements phase, including requirements specification. This paper shows how a class of non-autonomous Petri Nets can be used as an executable model for the design and implementation of machine domains in the context...
The current tendency to embed computational resources on quotidian objects transforms them into smart objects. This is the vision of Internet of things, where many different devices collect and process information from different sources to both control physical processes and interact with human users. Initially wireless sensor networks and Internet of things concepts were used with the same meaning...
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