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Signal integrity issue has become more and more important in recent years. In order to have a good signal quality, many aspects in a digital channel must be carefully considered. In this paper we compare the effects of non-ideal output driver and different power distribution networks (PDNs) on the signal integrity. The channel performance variation under different driving bit rates is also analyzed...
The equivalent-circuit expression of bend discontinuity in differential transmission lines, which is derived from the view of the mode-decomposition technique, is proposed in this paper. We investigated the relationship between the amount of mode conversion in the bend region and two components in the modal equivalent circuit: the mode-conversion sources and the modal reactances (modal inductances...
Far-field radiation from coupled-resonant wireless power transfer antenna is discussed. When using a switching power supply to improve power transmission efficiency, antenna input voltage includes many harmonics. Since coupled-resonant wireless power transfer antenna is an electrically small antenna for fundamental frequency, this antenna has high radiation efficiency for harmonics frequency. In this...
This paper proposes an inductance extraction method for a compact meander line structure. The Green House algorithm is introduced to solve the complicated inductive coupling effects and make it possible to calculate a meander line with any shape. Three different cases with a meander line or a straight line as a return path are discussed. Self and mutual inductances are demonstrated based on partial...
This paper proposes a software-related conducted electromagnetic interference (SW-cEMI) model reduction process for two-stage pipelined microcontroller (μC). This paper is based on a black-box transfer function (BBTF) cEMI model building technology and a new proposed decomposition method to reduce the BBTF model (rBBTF) to a reasonable model size. If the number of a μC's machine codes is N and the...
Power factor correction (PFC) converters are commonly used at the first stage in single-phase switch-mode AC/DC power converters to improve the input current waveform distortion and achieve high efficiency in energy conversion. The operating condition of MOSFET in a PFC converter changes dynamically and periodically. This paper studies the operating condition and output load dependency of spectrum...
Compliance tests for railway signaling equipment are getting more important for manufacturing railway traction converters. The traction converters emit disturbance current interfering with track circuits and electromagnetic field interfering with magnetic loops, which are also called balises. The interference with balises is severe problem because the electromagnetic field has been unknown because...
The use of FFT-based measuring receivers for EMI compliance measurements is motivated by reducing the scan time by several orders of magnitude and to get more insight due to the possibility of applying longer measurement times. Using an appropriate measurement time is the key for a comprehensive recording of the disturbance characteristic of the equipment under test (EUT).
FFT-based measuring instruments can be used for EMI compliance measurements in accordance with Amendment 1 to 3rd Edition of CISPR 16-1-1 if this standard is referenced in the product standard. The use is motivated by reducing the scan time by several orders of magnitude. A part of this time saving can be used for applying longer measurement times in order to reliably detect narrowband intermittent...
Edge and/or tip diffraction has long been investigated. Early attempts were analytical and called High Frequency Asymptotics (HFA). With the use of computers, numerical approaches have also appeared. In this study, two powerful numerical models, Method of Moments (MoM) and Finite Difference Time Domain (FDTD), are used in diffraction modeling on the canonical wedge scattering problem.
A discrete optimization using a genetic algorithm (GA) for electromagnetic interference (EMI) f ler design is presented in this paper. Using a macro-model in the frequency domain this approach takes into account the load impedance and the source emissions. The macro-model includes an accurate filter model that takes into account the PCB stray elements and the passive components high frequency complex...
Frequency spectra of transient electromagnetic wave caused by electrostatic discharge in spherical electrode were examined by experimental study. The experimental system consists of a pair of spherical electrodes with different diameters, a 1–18 GHz band width horn antenna and a 20 GHz bandwidth digitizing oscilloscope. Discharge voltage is less than 600 V in this experiment. Frequency spectra and...
We proposed a new method to measure the complex permittivity of small biological tissue in millimeter-wave band using the TE01n mode of a cylindrical cavity resonator. We examined the validity of the proposed measurement technique using an agar sample. The agar sample was maded by mixing pure water 98 % and agar powder 2 %. We prepared agar samples of different thickness ranging from 0.3 to 0.8 mm,...
In this study, a dual-band high-impedance surface (HIS) structure and a dual-band monopole antenna were designed for 2.45 GHz and 5.25 GHz WLAN applications. This HIS structure was proposed as an electromagnetic (EM) protective sheet to reduce undesirable EM radiation of antenna. The effects of EM protection sheets including metallic plates, R-cards, and HIS on the specific absorption rate (SAR) and...
This paper is to report that we have found the induced voltage on antenna by the transient EM field radiated from the small gap discharge is not always proportional to the applied voltage but higher when the gap width is smaller with even lower discharged voltage.
An experimental system that is capable of characterizing the RF-induced heating of active implantable medical devices is developed. The system is used to experimentally characterize the local RF-induced heating of generic implants and the obtained experimental results are compared with numerical results obtained from full-wave computational electromagnetic simulations.
Patients with active implantable medical devices (AIMDs) are generally excluded from magnetic resonance (MR) diagnostics because interference of the AIMD with MR-induced radiofrequency (RF) fields can lead to hazardous localized heating in the surrounding tissues. In this work, we report the safety assessment of a generic device performed according to tier 3 and 4 guidelines in Technical Specification...
The safety assessment of implant EM exposure is typically performed by numerically or experimentally evaluating field strengths in (frequently strongly simplified) phantoms or anatomical models. Determining quantities more closely related to the effect of concern can aid in detecting insufficient safety margins, reducing the necessity for overly conservative limits, and increasing the understanding...
Exposure to radio-frequency electromagnetic (EM) fields has become an important issue in preserving human health. In particular, conducting numerical dosimetry on the mother and fetus during pregnancy has become an important issue. We developed novel pregnant female models with anatomically realistic fetal and gestational tissues at 20, 26, and 29 weeks of pregnancy. In this paper, we present the...
Power supply noise generated by integrated circuits is one of the major sources of EM radiation from PCBs. The reduction of power supply noise can be realized by means of devices that bypass the current among power supply planes, such as bypass capacitors, ground vias and so on. In the present work the effect of current bypass devices on the far field radiation from multilayer PCBs is represented...
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