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In this paper, the electromagnetic compatibility issues of wireless powered electric vehicle are discussed in the view of electromagnetic field and electromagnetic interference. The magnetic field reduction for human exposure for near field is investigated and the definition of electromagnetic interference measurement is discussed.
We introduce a numerical assessment methodology to understand the EMI imposed by coupled-resonant type wireless power transfer systems on active implantable medical devices (implantable cardiac pacemaker / cardioverter defibrillator). A numerical estimation model that consists of resonant coils and a human torso phantom with a pacemaker model is constructed. Numerical simulation based on the finite...
This paper describes an assessment of electrostatic discharge (ESD) events in terms of electromagnetic interference (EMI) assessments. To clarify the characteristics of high-speed ESD events, we used two kinds of discharge electrodes: sphere-and cylinder-shape ones. We measured the energy level of ESD waveforms with charging voltages of 0.25, 0.5, and 1.0 kV. We found that the cylindrical electrode...
For differential-signaling system, the ideal balance or symmetrical topology cannot be established due to bend (turnoff point) discontinuities, and hence, an imbalance component is excited. Therefore methodology and geometrical-structure for satisfying both SI and EMI performances are indispensable. In order to provide basic considerations for the realization of methods for predicting and suppressing...
Meeting radiated electromagnetic emissions requirements can be a significant challenge for engineers designing today's electronic devices. Traditional approaches rely heavily on design rules. However, the optimum circuit board designs often violate well-known design rules, while successfully controlling radiated emissions. This paper describes the application of a design methodology that relates design...
In this paper, current intentional electromagnetic interference studies in Europe are summarized. Three projects are addressing the call from the European Commission within the Security theme of the Seventh Framework Programme for Research, with as topic: “Protection of Critical Infrastructure (structures, platforms and networks) against Electromagnetic (High Power Microwave (HPM)) Attacks.” The projects...
This paper proposes a software-related conducted electromagnetic interference (SW-cEMI) model reduction process for two-stage pipelined microcontroller (μC). This paper is based on a black-box transfer function (BBTF) cEMI model building technology and a new proposed decomposition method to reduce the BBTF model (rBBTF) to a reasonable model size. If the number of a μC's machine codes is N and the...
Power factor correction (PFC) converters are commonly used at the first stage in single-phase switch-mode AC/DC power converters to improve the input current waveform distortion and achieve high efficiency in energy conversion. The operating condition of MOSFET in a PFC converter changes dynamically and periodically. This paper studies the operating condition and output load dependency of spectrum...
The use of FFT-based measuring receivers for EMI compliance measurements is motivated by reducing the scan time by several orders of magnitude and to get more insight due to the possibility of applying longer measurement times. Using an appropriate measurement time is the key for a comprehensive recording of the disturbance characteristic of the equipment under test (EUT).
FFT-based measuring instruments can be used for EMI compliance measurements in accordance with Amendment 1 to 3rd Edition of CISPR 16-1-1 if this standard is referenced in the product standard. The use is motivated by reducing the scan time by several orders of magnitude. A part of this time saving can be used for applying longer measurement times in order to reliably detect narrowband intermittent...
A discrete optimization using a genetic algorithm (GA) for electromagnetic interference (EMI) f ler design is presented in this paper. Using a macro-model in the frequency domain this approach takes into account the load impedance and the source emissions. The macro-model includes an accurate filter model that takes into account the PCB stray elements and the passive components high frequency complex...
This paper is to report that we have found the induced voltage on antenna by the transient EM field radiated from the small gap discharge is not always proportional to the applied voltage but higher when the gap width is smaller with even lower discharged voltage.
This paper describes Electromagnetic Interference (EMI) with medical devices used in hospitals from third generation mobile phone. Transmission power, frequency, radiation mode, and radiation sources are considered to investigate the relationship with EMI. Long Term Evolution (LTE), High Speed Packet Access (HSPA), and Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (W-CDMA) are selected as the transmission...
In this paper, we employed a two-step approach to evaluate the electromagnetic interference (EMI) voltage at cardiac pacemaker from human body communication (HBC) signals. In the first step, we calculated the input voltage of the analogue sensing circuit of pacemaker using an electromagnetic field analysis tool by considering the pacemaker as a receiving antenna. In the second step, we evaluated the...
The newly developed electrode for human body model, which is used for evaluation of EMI to a cardiac Active Implant Medical Device (AIMD), is reported. The electrode consists of applying and monitoring of signal portion and reduces crosstalk and signal leakage in application of cardiac pacing and sensing. It is practical and sufficient means of simulating EMI effects to an AIMD.
For actual differential-signaling system, the ideal balance or symmetrical topology cannot be established, and hence, an imbalance component is excited. To provide the basic considerations for establishment of predicting the EM radiation from practical differential-paired lines, this paper attempts to identify the dominant factor of imbalance component and EM radiation from asymmetrical differential-paired...
The electrical harness is an essential part of all the spacecraft. The prime contractors of spacecraft are especially active in efforts to optimize harness size and mass. The shielding of the harness for Electromagnetic Interference (EMI) control is an important element in this optimization, because cable shields and especially connector backshells have a significant mass impact. We present results...
Z-score based evaluation of proficiency testing for general tests is standardized in ISO 13528. Therefore, proficiency testing for EMI measurements is also evaluated with Z-score. Since Z-score is supposed to be calculated on the assumption that the distribution is normal distribution in the linear value, accordingly, the decibel values reported as EMI measurement readings shall be converted once...
Due to increasingly wide spreading applications of location-based services (LBS), a variety of portable devices are equipped with GPS module for navigation. If a notebook or ultrabook computer is embedded with a built-in GPS antenna and module, the EMI noise generated from SSD (Solid State Drive)/USB 3.0 module of the PC will radiate to affect the receiving performance of GPS antenna[1]. We have found...
Transmission characteristics of a differential line across a ground slot is investigated. The ABCD parameter s for a differential line with a slot n the ground pane are described and an equivalent transmission line model in terms of the effective mode characteristic impedances and the propagation constants is proposed. The validity of the approach is confirmed through comparison with different test...
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