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In wireless communication, antenna miniaturization is a vital issue these days. This paper presents the simulation analysis of small planar antennas using different antenna miniaturization techniques. They have brought to define miniaturization methods by which we can estimate the use of micro strip antennas. Various govt. and private sector organizations made use of these techniques to solve the...
In this paper, heterostructure based Channel Drop Filter (CDF) is designed. Wavelength Division Multiplexing systems using Two Dimensional (2D) Photonic Crystal Ring Resonator (PCRR) which is essential for Photonic Integrated Circuits (PICs) and future optical networks. The structure is devised in 2D square lattice which contains circular and elliptical Si rods in air host. The designed channel drop...
Lung infections and lung diseases are common and can be potentially deadly. Hence preventing lung diseases is more mandatory than curing them. Specialist doctors are less available in rural areas compared to urban areas. Thus it has become necessary to develop some method by which people in remote areas can be monitored by specialist doctors who might be far away. This paper proposes a method for...
Earlier, people would live in joint families where atleast one person used to be there at home to take care of aged people. In modern days, people prefer nuclear families where there are no one present to take care of aged people and patients due to their busy working schedule. To overcome this, they need to appoint a caregiver to take care of the patients for their diet, hygiene, medication etc....
This paper describe a byte oriented transmission code and its hardware implementation with elaborating a method for implementation of the DC-balanced 8B/10B coding using a very fast FPGA from Spartan family. This code is particularly well suited for high-speed local area networks. This technique can be used by other high speed buses such as PCI Express, IEEE 1394b, Serial ATA, SAS, Fiber channel,...
This paper investigates cognitive radio network (CRN) performance through cooperative multiple cognitive radio relays and relay selection with channel allocation scheme. In one approach the overall end-to-end throughput (OEET) improves as the number of cognitive radio relays (CRRs) increases in CRN. In this approach, the OEET increases with the number of CRRs but at the cost of increased transmission...
Antenna designed for ultra wide band (UWB) applications should offer a wider bandwidth with minimum distortion of radiated and received pulses. One such antenna which satisfies these requirements is the Vivaldi antenna. Conventional exponentially tapered slot Vivaldi antenna offers only a small gain at lower microwave frequencies. This paper presents the design of the complex flare geometry of a Vivaldi...
MIMO CDMA system with the calibration of OFDM method is proposed. To obtain the spatial diversity between the symbols, STBC block codes were used. Space time block coding (STBC) is the most efficient method due to its provision of full spatial diversity and simple linear decoder. The combination of space-time block coding (STBC) and Direct-Sequence CodeDivision Multiple Access (CDMA) has the potential...
In this paper, a novel approach for power reduction in asynchronous circuits by using Asynchronous Fine-Grain Power-Gated Technique (AFPT) introduced. An AFPT developed by Improved Efficient Charge Recovery Logic (IECRL), which gives logic function to the next succeeding stage. In the AFPT circuit, IECRL gates attains power from hand shake controller and become active only when executing required...
GaN based devices are in great demand due to its rugged characteristics at extreme conditions. In this paper, design of GaN monolithic microwave integrated circuit (MMIC) low noise amplifier (LNA) with coplanar waveguide matching is presented to understand the key aspects of high gain, low noise figure and high linearity. The LNA can be used in base station technologies as frequency of interest is...
MANET is a multi-hop network comprised of nodes that need to work in collaboration with each other for effective routing. But unfortunately, there is possibility of some nodes misbehaving for their own interests and disturbing the network. Therefore, reliability among nodes is very important in the network. Uncertainty is of prior importance, which deeply impacts a node's anticipation of others behavior...
This paper gives the insights of energy efficiency of sector coded transmission (SCT) protocol for cognitive radio networks. SCT is a cluster head rotation based protocol used for cooperative spectrum sensing in cognitive radio networks. A modified transmission and reception radio model based on SCT is proposed for cognitive radio networks. Further the paper evaluates the effect of number of users,...
Dual-tone multi-frequency (DTMF) is a signaling standard in telecom applications that produces two tones simultaneously for each key press. The DTMF tones are chosen such that decoding the pressed key from the received tones is very easier. The DTMF tone detection is very crucial block in several telecom based embedded systems. As the current generation embedded systems are looking for key feature...
Information technology plays an important role in facilitating disaster management and allowing planners for a more efficient disaster handling. Climate change can reasonably be expected to increase countries' vulnerability to natural hazards in future. We are already witnesses of extreme meteorological phenomena, such as expanded fires and floods. This paper gives Mobile Ad-Hoc Network (MANET) along...
This paper presents a new realization of transadmittance mode universal filter having three inputs and single output. The circuit employs two current differencing transconductance amplifier (CDTA), two capacitors and two resistors. One of the CDTA has multiple outputs hence, called MOCDTA. The configuration can realizes low pass (LP), high pass (HP), band pass (BP), and notch filter using CMOS based...
The latest technology that is in step with the growing demand on communication networks is the millimeter wave (MMW) technology that works in the 60 GHz band in radio-over-fiber (RoF) systems. In this paper, a 60 GHz RoF system with a simple frequency up-conversion scheme is investigated such that it can cover greater fiber distances without dispersion compensation. Re-modulation at the base station...
Now-a-days, it is more of a win-win than ever to save on energy. Every time we lower our utility bills, we put more money back in our bank account and lower energy bills also means less energy consumed, which means less harmful emissions released into our environment. To make our homes more energy efficient, one of the least expensive and most effective changes that we can make is replacing the light...
Wireless devices are typically battery operated hence energy efficiency is essential for wireless networks. 802.11 is also used as the MAC protocol for wireless sensor networks. It is essential to reduce the energy consumption of sensor nodes. To achieve this, it is desirable to have a model of performance of the 802.11 protocol to study the impact of various parameters on the throughput and energy...
Wireless Mesh Networks(WMNs) are evolving as an avenue for low-cost broadband wireless access networks. In WMN routers that are generally equipped with multiple radios. There are several challenges posed by WMN, here we look at Channel Assignment(CA) which influences capacity of WMN network. A solution to Channel Assignment problem must aim to improve network capacity by minimizing interference and...
LP-IsOWC will be the need and future of miniaturized-satellite communication. In this article, investigation is performed to find out optimum modulation format for 10 Gbps LP-IsOWC system. Various modulation formats were investigated for different parameters: bit error rate (BER), Q-factor, eye diagram and achievable transmission distance (km).
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