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Stray inductances cause various problems in a power inverter and should be appraised and minimized at an early design stage to avoid later required countermeasures and redesign after the device prototype has been built. The stray inductances of the commutation loops of an Active Neutral Point Clamped (ANPC) inverter are estimated in this paper. Detailed model of the Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor...
Inner control of a Modular Multilevel Converter (M2C) based on direct tolerance-band modulation of the arm currents has been studied. This approach is attractive because it allows low switching frequency, directly provides the desired arm-current waveform and enables fast protective actions at the same time as the complexity of the over-all control system is reduced. Issues related to common-mode...
This paper presents encoderless model predictive control scheme with time-varying sliding mode observer for a complete wind turbine system. The wind turbine system consists of a back-to-back converter (AC/DC/AC) and a direct-drive permanent-magnet synchronous generator (PMSG). We give a complete model of the system and present encoderless fixed-frequency model predictive direct torque control of the...
In recent years, DC/DC converters have become more and more widespread due to the development of new DC energy sources. This has led to intensive studies of DC/DC converters and new configurations have been proposed in the literature. In particular, there are very interesting high efficiency configurations. The current fed, DC/DC push-pull converter with two input inductances was thoroughly analyzed...
In this paper, we review state-of-the-art solvers and techniques applicable to HIL simulation of power systems, power electronics and motor drives. These methods can be distinguished by the applications as well as the computational hardware engines used. Industrially speaking, there are two main types of hardware used today to make HIL: multi-core CPUs and FPGAs. Other promising technologies like,...
The BIGT is a Reverse Conducting IGBT device which combines functionality of a high power IGBT and fast diode on a single chip. In this paper, an investigation of the IGBT mode short circuit performance of the BIGT is carried out. The behavior of the BIGT under IGBT mode short circuit conditions is illustrated by measurements on a 3.3kV 1500A HiPak1 module and then supported by circuit and detailed...
In this paper, a novel fault detection method based on cost fault evaluation is proposed. The cost function is same as one used in finite control set model predictive control of power converters. Two simple methods are presented to locate the faulty IGBT. Considered methodology is studied for fault detection and fault tolerant operation in a five phase PMSM drive. Theory has been developed and validated...
The Quasi-Z-Source-Inverter (QZSI) reveals an asymmetrical L-C-network structure in which unwanted oscillations can be triggered by input voltage disturbances (IVD). This paper presents an AC small signal model of the QZSI, derived from State Space Averaging, with emphasis on the influence of IVD. After the discussion of the small signal model, a novel cascade control strategy is developed to adequately...
This paper deals with a comparative evaluation of the single-phase “VIENNA I” and the “DBE” rectifiers. Their cores respectively involve one and two coils. They operate in continuous current and PFC modes thanks to an AC side current control. The two coils allow to get a “Double Boost Effect” during each half-period of the mains, then transmitting the stored energy to both DC capacitors. This is not...
In this work the design and control of a four-phase induction machine (4P-IM) is addressed. The 4P-IM is controlled using a four-phase voltage source inverter (4P-VSI) with a generalization of the classic direct torque control (DTC) scheme. An analysis of the available valid switching states and voltage space vectors is developed and a switching table is obtained. Finally, the system's fault tolerant...
Proposed here is an alternate Five-level four-quadrant cascaded multilevel converter cell configuration that compared to the other cell configurations, for dc fault current limitation, will be more compact and avoid the external dc breaker. Loss comparison on cells with dc fault blocking capability for the cascaded converter is also presented.
This paper explores the application of the Variable Delay Frequency Modulation (VDFM) to an Interleaved Multicellular Parallel converter. VDFM is a modulation technique specially intended to reduce conducted EMI generated by parallel converters. This technique combines interleaving and frequency modulation in such a way that provides the best attenuation. On the other hand, Coupled Interleaved Multicelular...
The reduced capability of the 5L-NPC Inverter to balance the voltages of the four DC-bus capacitors makes this converter unattractive for real power applications. This is especially true if the load demands active power. The Back-to-Back (B2B) configuration of two 5L-NPC converters and the use of a Space Vector Modulation (SVM) that exploits the voltage balancing capabilities of the redundant switching...
Efficiency is a fundamental UPS performance criterion. Remarkably, UPS efficiency in field applications may deviate from controlled laboratory conditions. This paper focuses on the impact of mains supply on double-conversion UPS efficiency. As the mains supply mostly affects the rectifier section, the results also provide a reference on the impact of mains supply on rectifier efficiency.
For solar central inverters, high efficiency is still a very important issue. It increases the yield, but even more important, it reduces the thermal stress of all components, minimizes the cooling effort or allows higher ambient temperatures. The main challenge is not only to reach high peak efficiency in one operation point but more to provide a good performance over the whole voltage and power...
In this paper, the authors present an analytical modeling of short-circuit currents, corresponding electromagnetic torque and permanent-magnet (PM) eddy-current losses to resistance-limited (i.e., without eddy-current reaction field) during fault operations. Three short-circuits types are considered: on the one hand balanced three-phase short-circuit, and on the other hand unbalanced two-phase and...
Cascaded H-bridge rectifier paves the way of high-voltage applications without input transformer such as locomotive tractions. In the current study, a novel voltage balancing method based on improved PD-SPWM (phase-disposition sinusoidal pulse width modulation) is proposed that eliminates the multiple PI regulators in traditional balancing algorithms. This algorithm is simple to realize and effective...
Robustness of power semiconductors is a key parameter for reliable converter operation. This paper discusses the main robustness characteristics limiting the performance in high power converters. It shows necessary design precautions for the circuit design and also explains where the semiconductor manufacturer has to improve the devices with the aim of maximum electrical exploitation of the semiconductor.
In this paper, a hybrid interleaved and isolated micro-converter (5V/2A/1MHz) dedicated to low power conversion is presented. In order to be able to address a lot of different applications, its structure is isolated (implementation of a planar coupler) and uses interleaved parallel legs with coupled inductors (lowering internal losses). For very high integration purpose, two chips have been done:...
This paper presents a new technique to estimate the rotor position for self-sensing magnetic bearings. The current slope, which is caused by the switching voltage of the PWM amplifier, is used to estimate the rotor position. One highlight of the proposed technique is to calculate the current slope from more than two samples of currents within one PWM cycle. Thus, using multiple sampling of coil currents...
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