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The optimal charging schemes for Electric vehicles (EV) generally differ from each other in the choice of charging periods and the possibility of performing vehicle-to-grid (V2G), and have different impacts on EV economics. Regarding these variations, this paper presents a numerical comparison of four different charging schemes, namely night charging, night charging with V2G, 24 hour charging and...
A new method of charging the Electric Vehicles (EVs) at the charging station (CS) has been proposed. A CS modeled in this work is a place where EVs of a particular area will come together to charge their batteries in accordance to grid norms. A sufficiently large number of aggregated parked EVs in a CS could provide several important services to the grid such as voltage regulation, peak power shaving,...
The increase in renewable energy sources in the Spanish peninsular system, along with the installation of other technologies represents a challenge due to the particularities of this type of technologies. Innovative solutions and new operation paradigms may be needed in order to cope with these challenges. Grid codes must incorporate new specifications for these technologies and demand management...
In recent years, automotive manufactures have introduced plug-in electric vehicles (PEV) into the automotive market. This market is expected to expand rapidly in the near future. Depending on the charging rates and charging times of PEVs, distribution networks can face significant stress. In this paper, distributed energy storage (DES) systems are proposed to improve the flexibility of residential...
This paper addresses the problem of energy resources management using modern metaheuristics approaches, namely Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), New Particle Swarm Optimization (NPSO) and Evolutionary Particle Swarm Optimization (EPSO). The addressed problem in this research paper is intended for aggregators' use operating in a smart grid context, dealing with Distributed Generation (DG), and gridable...
Vehicle to grid (V2G) provides an opportunity for the electric vehicles (EVs) to feed back their power to the electric grid as they are connected to the grid and not in use. However, during the charging period of these vehicles, the power is drawn from the electric grid to charge the battery. This paper examines the V2G capability of the EV fleet for its potential for synergies between the storage...
Introduction of the electric vehicle (EV) to the transport sector is greatly anticipated considering numerous environmental and socio-economical benefits. Consideration of their charging impact on electricity networks is of major importance to power system engineers under such circumstances. A number of system studies can be found in the literature describing different aspects of EV charging on power...
This paper investigates the application of Electric Vehicles (EVs) as Mobile Energy Storage (MES) in commercial buildings. Thus, energy systems of a commercial building including its grid connection, Distributed Energy Resources (DERs), Energy Storage (ES), and demand profile are modeled. Based on the developed models, a Mixed Integer Linear Programming (MILP) problem is formulated to optimize the...
Conventional electric vehicles' (EVs) free charging impacts evaluation in a separate distribution system may result in an “optimistic” result. Therefore, a new method based on global power flow (GPF) with transmission and distribution grids included, defined as GPF-based method, was proposed in this paper. With EVs' free charging loads model, the power injected into the distribution system was obtained...
Some latest research works on EVs integration in China are presented in this paper. A future energy management framework supporting large-scale EVs fleets is proposed, involving five related topics: 1) modeling of EV swarms charging load based on naturalistic travel patterns; 2) global power flow based assessment and early warning technologies considering real-time traffic information; 3) emergency...
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