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We showed that magnetotactic bacteria (MTB) have great potentials to be used as microcarriers for targeted delivery of therapeutic agents. Indeed, magnetotaxis inherent in MTB can be exploited to direct them towards a tumor while being propelled by their own flagellated molecular motors. Nonetheless, although the thrust propelling force above 4 pN of the MC-1 MTB showed to be superior compared to...
Wireless capsule endoscopy (WCE) is a revolutionary imaging technique that enables detailed inspection of the interior of the whole gastrointestinal tract in a non-invasive way. However, viewing WCE videos is a very time-consuming, and labor intensive task for physicians. In this paper, we propose an automatic method for bleeding detection in WCE images. A novel series of descriptors which combine...
We present a novel knowledge discovery methodology that relies on Rough Set Theory to predict the life expectancy of terminally ill patients in an effort to improve the hospice referral process. Life expectancy prognostication is particularly valuable for terminally ill patients since it enables them and their families to initiate end-of-life discussions and choose the most desired management strategy...
We report, as part of the EMBC meeting Cognitive State Assessment (CSA) competition 2011, an empirical comparison using robust cross-validation of the performance of eleven computational approaches to real-time electroencephalography (EEG) based mental workload monitoring on Multi-Attribute Task Battery data from eight subjects. We propose a new approach, Overcomplete Spectral Regression, that combines...
The future challenges to medical and biological engineering, sometimes referred to as biomedical engineering or simply bioengineering, are many. Some of these are identifiable now and others will emerge from time to time as new technologies are introduced and harnessed. There is a fundamental issue regarding “Branding the bio/biomedical engineering degree” that requires a common understanding of what...
Flow-mediated dilatation (FMD) is the most accepted technique for the evaluation of endothelial function. However, it has been show a great inter-subject variability limiting its clinical use. Carotid-radial pulse wave velocity (PWVcr) was proposed as an alternative tool for the evaluation of endothelial function. At the present, there is no doubt that PWVcr reduces its values in response to reactive...
Arterial wave speed estimated invasively from pressure (P) and velocity (U) measurements using the P-U loop method, or non-invasively from diameter (D) and U measurements using the lnD-U loop method, assume that during early systole 1) backward-running waves are absent and 2) wave speed is constant. These assumptions also form the basis of a method for correcting time lags between P (or lnD) and U...
Targeted stem cell therapy offers great potential for the repair of infarcted cardiac tissue following heart attack. Safe delivery of stem-cells via catheter based interventions remains a challenge. A multi-modal image fusion approach has been considered for safe targeting of myocardial infarct border zones. In this paper we present an apparatus and method for measuring the accuracy of catheter-based...
In India, number of people with type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (DM) would be 87 million by the year 2030. DM disturbs autonomic regulation of skin micro-circulation, and causes decrease in resting blood flows through the skin. The skin blood flow has a major effect on its temperature. The aim of the study was to evaluate changes of skin temperature of all parts of the body and serum asymmetric dimethylarginine,...
Hemorrhagic stroke accounts for more than 15% of all stroke hospitalization with much higher mortality than ischemic stroke. In this study, we investigated the spatiotemporal changes of the cerebral blood flow (CBF) following intracerebral hemorrhagic (ICH) stroke by laser speckle imaging. Adult male C57BL/6 mice were divided into ICH group (n=7) and saline group (n=4). CBF images were recorded before...
Thermal infrared imaging (TIRI) employs a focal plane array (FPA) of infrared detectors, with associated optics and optoelectronics to remotely detect and topographically map thermal emittance. Thermal and optical properties of human physioanatomy are not fully understood yet confounding diagnostic interpretation of human TIRI's. Elucidation of the specific physical mechanism via which thermal emission...
Biochemical samples are complex mixtures containing 1000's of components which often must be fractionated prior to analysis. Conventional fraction collectors, which can only accommodate 10's of fractions, are not well suited for high throughput analysis. This paper describes microfractionation in droplets (μFD), a scalable microfluidic technique for generating thousands of fractions. A drop generator,...
Highly-sensitive analysis systems based on cellular multi-parameter are needed in the diagnostics. Therefore we improved our previously developed chip platform for another additional analysis method, the fluorescence in situ hybridization. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) is a technique used in the diagnostics to determine the localization and the presence or absence of specific DNA sequence...
A tissue bath system, to be used as an alternative to complex perfusion chambers, was constructed for use in cardiac electrophysiological studies. This system consists of an acrylic chamber to hold circulating physiological medium such as DMEM, suspended in a water bath warmed by a hot plate. Temperature and pH were controlled to mimic physiological conditions. Rat and porcine cardiac tissues, were...
In this paper, we propose the use of black box models for the system identification of the cardiopulmonary baroreflex control of arterial resistance and of ventricular contractility and of arterial baroreflex control of heart rate (HR) from invasive, continuous measurements of arterial blood pressure (ABP) and central venous pressure (CVP), and non invasive, continuous recordings of ECG and respiration...
The problem of detecting T-wave alternans (TWA) in ECG signals has received considerable attention in the biomedical community. This paper introduces a Bayesian model for the T waves contained in ECG signals. A block Gibbs sampler was recently studied to estimate the parameters of this Bayesian model (including wave locations, amplitudes and shapes). This paper shows that the samples generated by...
We present a novel force sensor for the injection of both suspended and adherent cells. Unlike most configurations, this force sensor is independent of the tool interacting with the cells. It is a planar structure that provides a surface sensitive to out-of-plane forces where living cells can be placed for manipulation. It also integrates two beam resonators. Forces perpendicular to the sensor's plane...
This paper aims to design a wearable terrain recognition system, which might assist the control of powered artificial prosthetic legs. A laser distance sensor and inertial measurement unit (TMU) sensors were mounted on human body. These sensors were used to identify the movement state of the user, reconstruct the geometry of the terrain in front of the user while walking, and recognize the type of...
Event related potentials (ERP) corresponding to a stimulus in electroencephalography (EEG) can be used to detect the intent of a person for brain computer interfaces (BCI). This paradigm is widely utilized to build letter-by-letter text input systems using BCI. Nevertheless using a BCI-typewriter depending only on EEG responses will not be sufficiently accurate for single-trial operation in general,...
Nystagmus is a condition in which the eyes move in an uncontrolled fashion. These eye movements confound attempts to identify patient fixation, as desired eye positions cannot be maintained. We aim to estimate the eye positions in the case of refixations and superimposed uncontrolled motion. By incorporating saccade detection and resetting our estimation algorithms, we are able to track the nystagmus...
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