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The design and fabrication of a novel 2-scale topography dry electrode using macro and micro needles is presented. The macro needles enable biopotential measurements on hairy skin, the function of the micro needles is to decrease the electrode impedance even further by penetrating the outer skin layer. Also, a fast and reliable impedance characterization protocol is described. Based on this impedance...
This paper describes a novel method to estimate pulse arrival time (PAT) from the electrocardiogram (ECG) and the impedance plethysmogram (TPG) obtained by using a compact and easy-to-use handheld device with only four electrodes. A proof-of-concept has been carried out where PAT values obtained with the proposed device have been compared to PAT values measured between the ECG and the photoplethysmogram...
We investigate a novel type of interface that enables long-term vital sensing through noninvasive direct-contact vital sign detection and observation of body motion and feedback of health conditions through an illuminated display. Although various types of vital sign measuring equipment are currently commercially available, their complexity and inconvenient user interfaces coupled with human reluctance...
Differential diagnosis of symptomatic events in post-ablation atrial fibrillation (AF) patients (pts) is important; in particular, accurate, reliable detection of AF or atrial flutter (AFL) is essential. However, existing remote monitoring devices usually require attached leads and are not suitable for prolonged monitoring; moreover, most do not provide sufficient information to assess atrial activity,...
The Driven-Right-Leg (DRL) circuit has been used for about 50 years to reduce interference due to common-mode voltage in biopotential amplifiers in scenarios that range from fixed equipment supplied from power lines to battery-supplied ambulatory monitors, and for systems that use gelled, dry, textile, and capacitive electrodes. However, power-line interference models predict that for isolation amplifiers,...
In this study, we determined the optimal position and direction of a one-channel bipolar electrocardiogram (ECG), used ubiquitously in healthcare. To do this, we developed a three-dimensional (3D) electrophysiological model of the heart coupled with a torso model that can generate a virtual body surface potential map (BSPM). Finite element models of the atria and ventricles incorporated the electrophysiological...
A comfortable, wearable wireless ECG monitoring system is proposed. The device is realized using the combination of two proprietary advanced technologies for electronic packaging and interconnection : the UTCP (Ultra-Thin Chip Package) technology and the SMI (Stretchable Mould Interconnect) technology for elastic and stretchable circuits. Introduction of these technologies results in small fully functional...
Dealing with motion artifacts in long-term ECG recordings is a big issue. The frequency spectrum of motion artifacts is similar to the frequencies of the QRS complex — the wanted signal in the ECG. The deletion of motion artifacts often leads to a deformation of QRS complexes, too. These risks can be minimized by using a noise-correlating signal as a second channel for artifact reduction. This paper...
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common cardiac arrhythmia encountered in clinical practice. Radiofre-quency catheter ablation (CA) is becoming one of the most widely employed therapies. Yet selection of patients who will benefit from this treatment remains a challenging task. Previous works have examined several electrocardiogram (ECG) parameters as potential predictors of CA success, such as...
Fetal heart rate monitoring is fundamental to infer information about fetal health state during pregnancy. The cardiotocography (CTG) is the most common antepartum monitoring technique. Abdominal ECG recording represents the most valuable alternative to cardiotocography, as it allows passive, non invasive and long term fetal monitoring. Unluckily fetal ECG has low SNR and needs to be extracted from...
When designing an ECG monitoring system embedded with textile electrodes for comfort, it is challenging to ensure reliable monitoring, because textile electrodes suffer from motion artifacts and incidental poor signal quality. For the design of a comfortable monitoring system for prematurely born babies in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU), we propose the concepts of ‘diversity measurement’...
A commercially available bathroom scale was modified to enable unobtrusive and robust cardiovascular monitoring in the home. Handlebar electrodes were interfaced to an ultra-low power, two-electrode electrocardiogram (ECG) acquisition circuit providing consistent and clean heartbeat timing information. In addition, the footpad electrodes were used to detect lower-body electromyogram (EMG) and lower-body...
This paper presents an electrocardiogram acquisition system course design project for an upper year bioinstrumentation course. The objective of this design project is to provide students an opportunity for an integrative learning, enhancing their educational experience. Unlike similar electrocardiogram instrumentation projects, this project is based on a commercially available instrumentation amplifier...
Recently, an electrically assisted bicycle has been widely used in daily life and becomes very popular. The user selects the stepwise assist-mode to determine the assistive torque for pleasurable running. From the viewpoint of improvement of health by exercise, the electrically assisted bicycle can be an exercise machine like a treadmill. The heart rate (HR) is regarded as an indication of exercise...
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