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NDVI maps have been proven valuable in providing a spatially complete view of crop's vegetation condition, which manifests disastrous events such as massive flood and drought. It is virtually impossible to obtain from ground survey data. This paper uses NASA MODIS 250m resolution, daily surface reflectance data for crop condition monitoring. The NDVI provides an absolute metrics for vegetation condition...
Regional evapotranspiration (ET) is an important component in water cycle and energy balance. The research on regional evapotranspiration is very important to further our understanding of the global climate change, land surface atmosphere interaction, water cycle and ecological study. However, traditional site observation is only representative of the local site scale, which can not reflect the real...
This paper explores snow bidirectional reflectance distribution function (BRDF) properties over some snow covered regions using Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) and Multi-angle Imaging SpectroRadiometer (MISR) surface reflectance products. In the visible and near infrared (NIR) region, MODIS and MISR surface bidirectional reflectance factors (BRFs) over snow are accumulated to...
Three minimum-error land cover classifiers are compared on coarse resolution MODerate-resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) surface reflectance data for discerning between vegetation and settlement classes. It is shown that good class separability can be achieved using only the seasonal component of Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) data, or the mean component of several other MODIS...
This paper proposed to apply spatial computing methods to identify drought affected areas using satellite images. Satellite derived indices, such as Normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), normalized difference moisture index (NDMI), standardized vegetation index (SVI) and standardized moisture index (SMI), were used to evaluate drought condition. The maps of SVI and SMI showed the areas affected...
A global multi-decade long-term Leaf area index (LAI) record from remote sensing measurements is required for global change modeling and analysis. The dataset is generated through the fusion of MODIS and historical AVHRR data based on global pixel-based AVHRR SRMODIS LAI relationship which is established with AVHRR data and LAI derived form high quality MODIS observations in the overlapping years...
Remotely sensed land surface temperature (LST)is of great value to the research in the fields of climatology, hydrology, ecology, and biogeochemistry,as well as a wide range of interdisciplinary research areas, since it isan efficient and practical way of acquiringtemperature variability globally and continuously. In the paper, the generalized split-window algorithm proposed by Wan and Dozier (1996)is...
This paper summarizes the NASA VIIRS Land Science team's findings to date with respect to the utility of the VIIRS Land and Cryosphere EDRs to meet NASA's science requirements. Based on previous assessments and results from a recent 51-day global test performed by the Land Product Evaluation and Analysis Tool Element (Land PEATE), the NASA VIIRS Land Science team has determined that, if all the Land...
Desert plays a very import role on earth radiation budget and calibration research. In this paper, we propose a new algorithm for retrieving BRDF of desert using time series of MODIS imagery. The central idea of this algorithm is to detect the “clearest” observation during a temporal window for each pixel. For desert, the temporal window can be one year since its surface is highly stable. The clear...
Net Surface Radiative Flux is the key parameter for global change studies. In this study, two models designed to directly estimate net surface radiative fluxes over horizontal surfaces are developed based on artificial neural network (ANN). These models not only avoid the error propagation involved in the existing algorithms, but also provide the necessary data for estimating fluxes over rugged terrain...
Time series derived from the first two spectral bands of the MODerate-resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) land surface reflectance product can be modelled as a pair of triply (mean, phase and amplitude) modulated cosine functions. This paper proposes a meta-optimization approach for setting the parameters of the non-linear Extended Kalman Filter to rapidly and efficiently estimate the features...
Mesoscale cyclonic activity is one of the characteristics of the cold season in the Japan Sea. High winds and precipitation accompanying intense mesoscale cyclones (MCs) disturb transport and fishery operations in the sea and small sizes and fast development hinders their forecast and detection. Satellite data of visible, infrared, passive and active microwave sensors serve as a valuable source of...
Since launch in December 1999, the MODIS ProtoFlight Model (PFM) onboard the Terra spacecraft has successfully operated for more than 11 years. Its Flight Model (FM) onboard the Aqua spacecraft, launched in May 2002, has also successfully operated for over 9 years. MODIS observations are made in 36 spectral bands at three nadir spatial resolutions and are calibrated and characterized regularly by...
Atmospheric aerosols play an important role in climate change research. It was found that different algorithms and instruments produce somewhat different results for aerosol optical depth (AOD) even if the same location at the same time is observed. Therefore, it is critical to integrate data from multiple platforms and techniques to derive a consistent AOD product. This paper introduced an approach...
The capability to observe soil moisture frequently and over large regions could significantly enhance our ability to monitor vegetation conditions over time and space. The purpose of this project is to evaluate the effects of soil moisture, temperature, and humidity variations on vegetation conditions in the UAE. Visible and near-infrared channels of MODIS instrument on board of aqua satellite were...
This work addressed the Land Surface Emissivity (LSE) retrieval over west China region from combined Middle InfraRed (MIR) and Thermal InfraRed (TIR) data of the Stretched Visible and Infrared Spin Scan Radiometer (SVISSR) aboard the Chinese first generation geostationary satellites FengYun-2C (FY-2C) and FengYun-2D (FY-2D). To improve the retrieval accuracy, the SVISSR/FY-2 infrared channels 1 (∼10...
Prior knowledge can significantly improve the retrieval of surface spectral albedo from satellite observations. This paper compares two methods that derive HJ-1 surface albedo in Heihe region by using prior knowledge based on kernel-driven BRDF model, with that derived by assuming Lambertian surface. The first algorithm (algorithm I) uses the backup algorithm of operational MODIS BRDF/Albedo product;...
In this paper, using 16 days 250m MODIS vegetation index dataset, the relationship between eight vegetation indexes (VIs) and aboveground biomass in Gannan grassland of China, was analyzed. Based on their correlations, monitoring models of aboveground biomass was constructed, and then the aboveground biomass of the whole Gannan Autonomous Region and its every county were estimated. The results showed...
Using the MODIS datasets, we assessed the spatial-temporal variations of land surface albedo driven by the changes of land cover such as snow, vegetation in the Qinghai-Tibetan plateau. The Qinghai-Tibetan plateau, called “the roof of the world”, is located in E74° – E104°′, N25° – N40° with an average elevation of over 4500 meter, where the main land cover types are grasslands and unused barren lands...
The objective of this study is to map Cyanobacteria Bloom in brackish Lakes Shinji and Nakaumi using satellite data such as MODIS. The 10 satellite sensor data such as QuickBird, ALOS AVNIR-2, and MODIS from November to December, 2010 were collected in these lakes. Cyanobacteria bloom was distinguished by viewing from satellite data. Furthermore, it was judged quantitatively by Rayleigh corrected...
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