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Electrical energy storage services can bring benefit to multiple stakeholders in the distribution grid. Energy storage owners maximize their profit on an external energy market. This can cause a conflict with the distribution system operator because a grid is designed in terms of peak power, not energy. The subject of this paper is a optimization method for the siting and sizing of energy storage...
Although microgrids have the potential to solve several sticky problems that beset the present-day grid, indiscriminate application can cause serious problems. Thorough studies are needed on many aspects to identify the potential problems and to develop effective mitigation techniques. Microgrids can operate in parallel with the main grid or as an isolated system to support customers isolated from...
The use of energy storage in conjunction with renewable energy sources such as wind and solar is receiving more attention to help mitigate the effects of the intermittent nature of these sources. One wishes to maximize the probability that there will be enough energy available to meet the residential load demand while minimizing the cost of both the renewable energy sources as well as the energy storage...
With increasing penetration of wind power, there is rising need to manage its intermittency. This paper explores the control and operational aspects of integrating a short and long-term storage mix, consisting of a fuel-cell, an elcetrolyzer and an ultracapacitor, into the double-fed induction generator based wind-power system, making it dispatchable. The fuel-cell/electrolyzer is employed to provide...
This paper describes the Intelligent Energy Management (IEM) System of the Future Renewable Electric Energy Delivery and Management (FREEDM) System. The IEM system is comprised of three main subsystems: the solid state transformer (SST), the reliable and secure communication (RSC) network, and distributed grid intelligence (DGI). Each of the subsystems is briefly described and the primary challenges...
Basic, stage 1, MicroGrids combine distributed generation, intelligent load control, and in many cases energy storage, to form a well-behaved aggregate load or generator. This allows more straight-forward and widespread integration of distributed generation. More advanced MicroGrids (stage 2) can further add the capability to isolate such small sections of the network and continue to operate them...
Wind generation has been recognized as one of the most important components in Renewable Portfolio Standard (RPS). It becomes a critical task for the power engineers to find solutions in integrating wind generation reliably and economically with the power grid. The intermittency of wind generation and the potential need for adequate transmission expansion are the major concerns in wind technology...
Present coordinated controllers of thermal generating unit are mainly designed based on the simplified model of generating unit. In the simplified model, the dynamics of generator are omitted, and thus present controllers can not meet the requirements of various operating states in real multi-machine power systems. In this paper, integral model of generating unit (including the models of boiler, turbine...
Southern California Edison Company, as well as the other California investor owned utilities are mandated to increase their Renewable Portfolio Standard to 20 percent by 2010 and by the Governor's Executive Order to 33 percent by 2020. When achieved, these types of energy resource assets potentially represent a significant means to meet State energy and environmental objectives. Edison is also embarking...
Multiobjective optimization has been applied to the problem of optimal energy management in power distribution systems. Future distribution systems with increased deployment of distributed energy storage devices and distributed energy resources are being designed under the aegis of a number of sectors of the power engineering community. This includes the National Science Foundation supported Future...
Wind power is being curtailed because large scale electrical energy storage systems are not available. However, a practical, large-scale, electro-thermal in situ energy storage system has been designed. Wind energy via the grid is transferred into unconventional oil deposits, such as the oil shale, tar sand or heavy oil deposits in the USA. This stored heat eventually converts the hydrocarbons into...
Flywheel-based energy storage is being introduced on a large scale (20 MW) for providing grid frequency regulation in deregulated markets. The ISOs have already introduced, or are in the process of introducing, market rules and tariffs to comply with FERC Order No. 890 to allow new competitive technologies to participate in the markets. Analysis of more than one year of operating data shows flywheel-based...
This is a panel session to be presented at the IEEE General Meeting 2010. The subject is the design, objectives, and full description of the new National Science Foundation engineering research center denominated FREEDM - the Future Renewable Electric Energy Management center. The focus of this presentation is the reliability of the FREEDM system. The main points in the verbal presentation are: 1)...
This paper proposes a stochastic time-series based method to simulate the volatility of intermittent renewable generation and distributed storage devices along timeline. The proposed method can calculate the optimal timeline for different electricity markets and power systems. In practice, the proposed method is potentially useful for designing market rules and evaluating different design options...
The impacts of PV power plants are associated with voltage profiles, electrical losses, power factor, capacity planning, power quality, system operations and protection. Currently utility-scale solar PV plants have nominal capacities that are compatible with distribution substation MVA ratings e.g., between 1 MVA and 10 MVA, plans are to develop transmission interconnected PV plants in the 50 - 100...
This paper proposes a combined protection and control strategy to enhance the low voltage ride-through (LVRT) capability of a wind turbine driven doubly fed induction generator (DFIG). Since the conventional crowbar is activated to protect the rotor side converter during the fault interval, the DFIG will operate in the fix speed mode and absorb large amount of reactive power from the grid. This problem...
The emerging clean-energy smart grid environment in the electric power sector has necessitated that related educational programs evolve to meet the needs of students, faculty, and employers alike. In order to prepare the next generation of power engineering professionals to meet the challenges ahead in the electric power sector, a new curriculum must be developed that includes core power engineering...
The goal of this paper is to provide a brief overview of the Perfect Power Smart Grid Prototype at Illinois Institute of Technology, while highlighting some of the multi-agent system applications. The Perfect Power Prototype is supported by the Department of Energy under the Renewable and Distributed Systems Integration Program, which focuses on effectively integrating distributed resources (including...
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