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Defining and evaluating operational equilibriums in real-time market, constrained by operation risks and economical biddings, is in the center of market operation and its enhancement. For example, in the two-settlement market design, reliability unit commitment is an important stage to bridge day-ahead market with Real-time system operation, which commits additional units to cover forecasted load...
With the implementation of state renewables portfolio standards (RPS) and serious consideration in Congress of a national RPS, a number of control areas are anticipating scenarios with greater than 20% of renewable electricity, principally wind, as part of the supply mix. At the federal level, H.R. 969 was introduced in the 110th Congress to require that 20% of the nation's electric power be generated...
The interest in the integration of distributed generation into distribution systems has been increased in different countries all over the world as economic and environmental factors drive new technologies to be more efficient and less polluting than their earlier counterparts. As the penetration level of DG increases, the distribution system performance has to be analyzed in details. This work investigates...
In this paper we propose a direct coupling of renewable generation with deferrable demand in order to mitigate the unpredictable and non-controllable fluctuation of renewable power supply. We cast our problem in the form of a stochastic dynamic program and we characterize the value function of the problem in order to develop efficient solution methods. We develop and compare two algorithms for optimally...
In the Nordic market, manually activated tertiary control based on bids for upward and downward regulation is used for system balancing. Although a system wide merit order list is used, the resulting regulation is suboptimal because of the congestion and the effect of losses, which are not taken into account. This paper proposes an algorithm for the dispatch of regulation resources based on an incremental...
Intensive use of Distributed Generation (DG) represents a change in the paradigm of power systems operation making small-scale energy generation and storage decision making relevant for the whole system. This paradigm led to the concept of smart grid for which an efficient management, both in technical and economic terms, should be assured. This paper presents a new approach to solve the economic...
The Puerto Rico Electric Power Authority (PREPA) supports an orderly development of the renewable energy potential on the islands. To attain this goal, PREPA is conducting science-based analytical studies and research to increase knowledge on these technologies. As part of this effort, PREPA commissioned the Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI) to assess the potential impacts that different penetration...
To assess the cost associated with wind integration, a comprehensive technical analysis must be done first. NYISO has spent the last five years investigating the impact on system planning and operations and providing the needed information to facilitate wind integration.
Locational marginal pricing (LMP) data available from PJM makes an in-depth analysis of the true worth of photovoltaic electricity generation possible. This paper provides a comparison of commonly used average retail electricity prices and average prices of electricity determined by the combination of empirically collected energy generation created by two photovoltaic systems and the available PJM...
This paper contributes to the discussion about the future integration of Smart Grids in the existing energy supply system on a mostly economical and regulatory point of view. One of the main issues in this case is the increasing costs due to grid enhancements under regulated grid tariffs. On the one side a concept based on an integrative customer oriented approach is described and the new roles of...
This paper describes demand response prospects for South Korea. To manage the increasing electric power demand, the way to increase power generation has reached a limit becoming a social, economic and environmental problem. To solve this problem by managing the supply side, demand response (DR) has become an important solution. As seen in other countries, the Korean electricity community plans to...
In this paper we describe an effort which is under way at Carnegie Mellon University (CMU) in the Electric Energy Systems Group (EESG). We refer to this effort as the Dynamic Monitoring and Decision Systems (DYMONDS) initiative. Its objective is to develop an Information Technology (IT)-enabled framework in support of sustainable evolution of today's electric power systems into future energy systems...
The combination of offshore wind generation with international transmission cables is a highly discussed topic in Europe, especially for the North Sea and the Baltic Sea. The offshore wind park location Kriegers Flak in the Baltic Sea could combine offshore wind generation in the Swedish, German and Danish zones, and several design options with regard to cabling are under discussion. Choosing a certain...
In recent years, penetration of wind generated electricity into power grids has been increasing significantly. During the last few decades, wind energy has doubled in capacity every three years. Because of the intermittent characteristics of wind power, it is usually difficult to determine an acceptable penetration level to maintain specific reliability requirements. The need for better capacity credit...
This paper concerns the implications of adding wind power on the Northeast Power Coordinating Council (NPCC) US electric power system operations and costs. Constrained Economic Dispatch Optimization Model (CEDOM) has been performed by utilizing wind power every 10 minutes. We illustrate the results of such economic dispatch on NPCC power system where seasonal wind and load power variations are considered...
Protection security assessment of power grids becomes an important task in the course of a competitive energy business and a decarbonized power generation. The analysis of past blackouts studied by the North American Electric Reliability Council (NERC) shows that protection relays are involved in about 75% of all major disturbances. One reason for that is the non adequate adaption of the protection...
This paper, first, develops the reactive power capabilities of wind power generator and then discusses reactive power ancillary services issues related to the wind farms in the electricity market. Presently, the doubly fed induction generator (DFIG) system, with partial rated power electronic converters in the rotor circuit, is the most popular and widely used for the wind power generation due to...
The inherent variability of wind generation may 1) increase the operating costs of the conventional generators used to follow the net load not supplied by wind capacity (i.e. due to additional ramping costs), and 2) increase the amount of reserve conventional generating capacity needed to maintain Operating Reliability. For customers, the higher operating costs for conventional generators caused by...
Pricing for the use of the networks is essential in the way that it should be able to reflect the costs/benefits imposed on a network when connecting a new generator or demand and to provide forward-looking message to influence the site and size of future network customers. Studies have been extensively carried out over the years to achieve this pricing goal. Few methodologies that can directly link...
Brazil has a large potential for wind: it is estimated that nearly 140,000 MW of wind energy generating capacity could be built in the country. In December 2009 a specific auction to contract wind power was carried out. The motivation of this auction was to take advantage of the 2008-2009 world financial crisis that has lowered equipment cost as well as to foster competition among the interested investors,...
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